Abstract
The hidden Markov model consists of a pair of an unobserved Markov chain {Xk} and an observation process {Yk}. In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model. The Markov chain {Xk} represents genetic structure, which is genotype of the kth generation of an organism. The observation process represents the appearance or the observed trait, which is the phenotype of the generation of an organism. Since it is unlikely to observe the genetic structure directly, the Hidden Markov model can be used to model pairs of events and unobservable their causes. Forming the model requires the use of the theory of heredity from Mendel. This model can be used to explain the characteristic of true breeding on crosses of diploid plants. The more traits crossed, the smaller probability of plants having a dominant phenotype in that period. Monohybrid, dihybrid, and trihybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the seventh, eighth, and ninth generations, with the condition of previous generations having a dominant phenotype. But in seventh generation, monohybrid crosses only have the probability of an optimal genotype of 50%, dihybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 25% in the eighth generation, and trihybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 12.5% in the ninth generation
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Monohybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the seventh generation, given dominant previous generations.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e1“Monohybrid, dihybrid, and trihybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the seventh, eighth, and ninth generations, with the condition of previous generations having a dominant phenotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Dihybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the eighth generation, given dominant previous generations.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e1“Monohybrid, dihybrid, and trihybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the seventh, eighth, and ninth generations, with the condition of previous generations having a dominant phenotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Trihybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the ninth generation, given dominant previous generations.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e1“Monohybrid, dihybrid, and trihybrid crosses have a dominant phenotype probability of 99% in the seventh, eighth, and ninth generations, with the condition of previous generations having a dominant phenotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Monohybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 50% in the seventh generation.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e2“in seventh generation, monohybrid crosses only have the probability of an optimal genotype of 50%”
Claim · model-written summary
Dihybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 25% in the eighth generation.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e3“dihybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 25% in the eighth generation”
Claim · model-written summary
Trihybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 12.5% in the ninth generation.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e4“trihybrid crosses have a probability of an optimal genotype of 12.5% in the ninth generation”
Claim · model-written summary
The more traits crossed, the smaller the probability that plants have a dominant phenotype in that period.
Verbatim
e0“In this research, the crosses of diploid plant apply the model”
e5“The more traits crossed, the smaller probability of plants having a dominant phenotype in that period”