Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of weed management practices using pre-emergence (pendimethalin and trifluralin) and post-emergence herbicides (quizalofop-ethyl and fenoxaprop-ethyl) along with weed free and unweeded check in castor (cv. GCH-6) under irrigated conditions at Main Oilseeds Research Station, Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh for three consecutive years during kharif 2010 to 2012. The experiment was conducted in randomised block design with three replications on medium clay soils with pH 7.9. The experimental field was infested with grasses and broad leaved weeds viz., Echinochloa colonum, Eluropus villosus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Brachiaria sp., Cyperus rotundus, Commelina benghalensis, Digera arvensis,Indigofera glandulosa and Amaranthus viridis. The highest castor seed yield during the study period was found in weed free control (4429, 2546 and 2581 kg/ha during yearI, II and III, respectively). Similarly, pooled mean ofseed yield (3183 kg/ha) was highest in weed free control. Among the herbicidal treatments, trifluralin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-ethyl @ 0.05 kg a.i./ha at 25 days after sowing (DAS) recorded highest seed yield (3005 kg/ha) due to lower dry weight of weeds (374 kg/ha), higher weed control efficiency (85.9%) at 75 DAS and lower weed index (5.5%). This treatment resulted in higher gross returns(` 120208/ha), net returns (` 90398/ha) and B:C ratio (3.0). However, this was at par with application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence quizalofop-ethyl @ 0.05 kg a.i./ha at 25 DAS.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free castor had the highest seed yield in year I.
- Taxon
- castor
Ricinus communise0 - Treatment
- weed free controle0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4429e0
- Qualifier
- yearIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest castor seed yield during the study period was found in weed free control (4429, 2546 and 2581 kg/ha during yearI, II and III, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free castor had the highest seed yield in year II.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communise0
- Treatment
- weed free controle0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2546e0
- Qualifier
- IIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest castor seed yield during the study period was found in weed free control (4429, 2546 and 2581 kg/ha during yearI, II and III, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free castor had the highest seed yield in year III.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communise0
- Treatment
- weed free controle0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2581 kg/hae0
- Qualifier
- IIIe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest castor seed yield during the study period was found in weed free control (4429, 2546 and 2581 kg/ha during yearI, II and III, respectively).”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed-free castor had the highest pooled mean seed yield.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- weed free controle0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3183 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“pooled mean ofseed yield (3183 kg/ha) was highest in weed free control”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifluralin followed by quizalofop-ethyl produced the highest seed yield among herbicide treatments.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Treatment
- trifluralin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-ethyl @ 0.05 kg a.i./hae0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3005 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“trifluralin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence application of quizalofop-ethyl @ 0.05 kg a.i./ha at 25 days after sowing (DAS) recorded highest seed yield (3005 kg/ha)”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
This herbicide sequence had lower weed dry weight.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- dry weight of weedse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 374 kg/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower dry weight of weeds (374 kg/ha)”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
This herbicide sequence had higher weed control efficiency at 75 DAS.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Outcome
- weed control efficiencye0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 85.9%e0
- Qualifier
- 75 DASe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher weed control efficiency (85.9%) at 75 DAS”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
This herbicide sequence had a lower weed index.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Outcome
- weed indexe0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 5.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“lower weed index (5.5%)”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
This treatment had higher gross returns.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- ` 120208/hae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher gross returns(` 120208/ha)”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
This treatment had higher net returns.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Value
- ` 90398/hae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“net returns (` 90398/ha)”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
This treatment had a higher benefit cost ratio.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Outcome
- B:C ratioe0
- Value
- 3.0e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B:C ratio (3.0)”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The trifluralin sequence performed at par with the pendimethalin sequence.
- Taxon
- castorRicinus communist0
- Outcome
- at pare0
- Comparator
- application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence quizalofop-ethyl @ 0.05 kg a.i./ha at 25 DASe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this was at par with application of pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence quizalofop-ethyl @ 0.05 kg a.i./ha at 25 DAS”
t0“castor (Ricinus communis L.)”