Abstract
Vaccaria hispanica (Mill.) Rauschert has been studied for its potential economic value. Its seeds contain valuable starch granules, triterpenic saponins, and cyclopeptides. In the present study, sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and microsatellite simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used to assess the genetic diversity and population structure of V. hispanica genotypes. The plant material belonged to 66 genotypes collected from different parts (27 squares, with at least two locations in each square) of Türkiye. The application of 49 SRAP primer pairs produced 476 bands, of which 197 (41.38%) were polymorphic. The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.12 to 0.46 with a mean of 0.30. The genetic distance coefficients among the accessions ranged from 0.52 to 0.91, with an average of 0.70. The 17 SSR primers previously developed for related species produced a total of 69 alleles and 42 polymorphic alleles, and the number of polymorphic alleles produced in each locus ranged from 1 to 6, with an average of 2.47 alleles per locus. The PIC ranged from 0.21 to 0.49 with a mean of 0.40. The unweighted pair group method of arithmetic averages (UPGMA) dendrogram obtained based on the markers revealed that the genotypes were genetically different from each other and were partially geographically grouped. Bayesian Structure analysis carried out using the marker data divided the genotypes into two subpopulations. It showed a general agreement with the UPGMA dendrogram on the genetic relationships among the accessions and clustering. Thus, it was determined that genetically distinct genotypes exist, and subpopulations for breeding can be established using the characterized genotypes.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
SRAP primers yielded 476 bands, including 197 polymorphic bands (41.38%).
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanica
Gypsophila vaccariat0 - Outcome
- polymorphice0
- Value
- 197 (41.38%)e0
- Qualifier
- 476 bandse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“The application of 49 SRAP primer pairs produced 476 bands, of which 197 (41.38%) were polymorphic.”
Claim · model-written summary
SRAP polymorphic information content ranged from 0.12 to 0.46, averaging 0.30.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- polymorphic information contente0
- Value
- 0.12 to 0.46e0
- Qualifier
- mean of 0.30e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“The polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.12 to 0.46 with a mean of 0.30.”
Claim · model-written summary
Genetic distance among accessions ranged from 0.52 to 0.91, averaging 0.70.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- genetic distance coefficientse0
- Value
- 0.52 to 0.91e0
- Qualifier
- average of 0.70e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“The genetic distance coefficients among the accessions ranged from 0.52 to 0.91, with an average of 0.70.”
Claim · model-written summary
SSR primers yielded 69 alleles, 42 of them polymorphic.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- polymorphic allelese0
- Value
- 42 polymorphic allelese0
- Qualifier
- 69 allelese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“The 17 SSR primers previously developed for related species produced a total of 69 alleles and 42 polymorphic alleles”
Claim · model-written summary
Each SSR locus produced 1 to 6 polymorphic alleles, averaging 2.47.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- number of polymorphic alleles produced in each locuse0
- Value
- 1 to 6e0
- Qualifier
- average of 2.47 alleles per locuse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“the number of polymorphic alleles produced in each locus ranged from 1 to 6, with an average of 2.47 alleles per locus”
Claim · model-written summary
SSR polymorphic information content ranged from 0.21 to 0.49, averaging 0.40.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- PICe0
- Value
- 0.21 to 0.49e0
- Qualifier
- mean of 0.40e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“The PIC ranged from 0.21 to 0.49 with a mean of 0.40.”
Claim · model-written summary
Marker based clustering distinguished genotypes and partly grouped them geographically.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- genotypes were genetically different from each other and were partially geographically groupede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“the genotypes were genetically different from each other and were partially geographically grouped”
Claim · model-written summary
Bayesian Structure analysis divided genotypes into two subpopulations.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- two subpopulationse0
- Value
- two subpopulationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“Bayesian Structure analysis carried out using the marker data divided the genotypes into two subpopulations.”
Claim · model-written summary
Bayesian and UPGMA analyses generally agreed on relationships and clustering.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- general agreement with the UPGMA dendrograme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“It showed a general agreement with the UPGMA dendrogram on the genetic relationships among the accessions and clustering.”
Claim · model-written summary
Characterized genotypes could establish breeding subpopulations.
- Taxon
- Vaccaria hispanicaGypsophila vaccariat0
- Outcome
- subpopulations for breeding can be established using the characterized genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Vaccaria hispanica(Mill.) Rauschert”
e0“subpopulations for breeding can be established using the characterized genotypes”