Abstract
The present investigation was carried out during November 2022 to February 2023. The field experiment was conducted in Randomized block design with eight treatments and three replications at Experimental farm, Department of Entomology, SAS, Medziphema. The outcomes of the experiments revealed that, during period of investigation, ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed. The activity of aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestation on fenugreek started in the 45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 52nd SMW (23.36 aphids/ three leaves). The thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was observed from 46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (9.32 thrips/ three leaves). The population of Spodoptera litura on fenugreek started appearing from 47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2 caterpillar/ plant). The serpentine leaf miner was observed from 49th SMW (0.56 maggot/ plant) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (2.3 maggot/ plant). The population of flea beetle on fenugreek started appearing from 48th SMW (0.8 adult/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2.03 adult/ plant). The correlation studies with weather parameters revealed that aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature but non-significant with other remaining weather parameters.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed.
- Taxon
- Fenugreek
Trigonella foenum-graecumt0 - Outcome
- ten insect pests and two natural enemiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fenugreek”
e0“ten insect pests and two natural enemies were observed”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphids first appeared in week 45 at 1.5 per three leaves and peaked in week 52 at 23.36.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Interactor
- Aphis craccivora
Aphis craccivorae0pest - Outcome
- aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestatione0
- Direction
- peake0
- Value
- 23.36 aphids/ three leavese0
- Qualifier
- 45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“aphid (Aphis craccivora) infestation on fenugreek started in the 45th SMW (1.5 aphids/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 52nd SMW (23.36 aphids/ three leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Thrips first appeared in week 46 and peaked in week 2 at 9.32 per three leaves.
- Taxon
- FenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecumt0
- Interactor
- Scirtothrips dorsalis
Scirtothrips dorsalise0pest - Outcome
- thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis)e0
- Direction
- peake0
- Value
- 9.32 thrips/ three leavese0
- Qualifier
- 46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fenugreek”
e0“thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis) was observed from 46th SMW (0.8 thrips/ three leaves) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (9.32 thrips/ three leaves)”
Claim · model-written summary
Spodoptera litura appeared in week 47 and reached highest incidence in week 1.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Interactor
- Spodoptera litura
Spodoptera liturae0pest - Outcome
- population of Spodoptera liturae0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2 caterpillar/ plante0
- Qualifier
- 47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of Spodoptera litura on fenugreek started appearing from 47th SMW (0.1caterpilar/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2 caterpillar/ plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Serpentine leaf miner appeared in week 49 and peaked in week 2.
- Taxon
- FenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecumt0
- Interactor
- serpentine leaf miner
Liriomyza brassicaee0pest - Outcome
- serpentine leaf minere0
- Direction
- peake0
- Value
- 2.3 maggot/ plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fenugreek”
e0“serpentine leaf miner was observed from 49th SMW (0.56 maggot/ plant) and reached its peak during 2nd SMW (2.3 maggot/ plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Flea beetles appeared in week 48 and reached highest incidence in week 1.
- Taxon
- fenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecume0
- Interactor
- flea beetlee0pest
- Outcome
- population of flea beetlee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 2.03 adult/ plante0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“population of flea beetle on fenugreek started appearing from 48th SMW (0.8 adult/ plant) and the highest incidence was recorded during 1st SMW (2.03 adult/ plant)”
Claim · model-written summary
Populations of the five named pests were significantly negatively correlated with maximum and minimum temperature.
- Taxon
- FenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecumt0
- Outcome
- aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle populatione0
- Direction
- negative correlatione0
- Qualifier
- maximum temperature, minimum temperaturee0
- Setting
- maximum temperature, minimum temperaturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fenugreek”
e0“aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature”
Claim · model-written summary
The five pest populations had nonsignificant correlations with other weather parameters.
- Taxon
- FenugreekTrigonella foenum-graecumt0
- Outcome
- aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle populatione0
- Setting
- other remaining weather parameterse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Fenugreek”
e0“aphid, thrips, Spodoptera litura, serpentine leaf miner and flea beetle population had significant negative correlation with maximum temperature, minimum temperature but non-significant with other remaining weather parameters”