Abstract
Turfgrass is frequently used today in the arrangement and aesthetic beautification of grounds in parks, gardens, median strips, recreation and sports areas. In this study, surveys were conduct in turfgrass areas in the three provinces of Türkiye. As a result of isolations from the collected samples, 44 Microdochium isolates obtained belonging to five different species including M. bolleyi, M. majus, M. nivale, M. paspali and M. sorghi which have different virulences. Identification of the isolates were performed by rDNA-ITS sequence analyzes. According to the pathogenicity tests results, the most virulent species was M. nivale M62 with a disease severity value of 91.93%. This was followed by M. bolleyi M1584 and M. majus M63, with disease severity values of 91.12% and 91.08%, respectively. The virulence of M. bolleyi isolates varied among the species. Only 13 of the 31 M. bolleyi species were found to be virulent in turfgrass, M. paspali was less virulent than the others in Poa pratensis . The most virulent isolate of each Microdochium species was tested on four different cereal varieties. M. sorghi and M. paspali had low virulence values in barley and oat than the other Microdochium species, while the other three species showed high virulence in turfgrass, wheat and barley, other than oat. In the phylogenetic neighboor-joining tree belonging to 44 Microdochium isolates clearly demonstrated that the isolates were grouped into five distinct clusters. M. nivale and M. majus were considered genetically close isolates.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Microdochium nivale M62 was the most virulent isolate on turfgrass, with disease severity 91.93%.
- Taxon
- turfgrasse0
- Interactor
- M. nivale M62
_Samuels_%26_I.C._Hallett_562904.jpg?width=60)
Microdochium nivalee1pathogen - Outcome
- disease severitye1
- Value
- 91.93%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Samuels_%26_I.C._Hallett_562904.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“surveys were conduct in turfgrass areas”
e1“the most virulent species was M. nivale M62 with a disease severity value of 91.93%”
Claim · model-written summary
Microdochium bolleyi M1584 showed disease severity 91.12% on turfgrass.
- Taxon
- turfgrasse0
- Interactor
- M. bolleyi M1584Microdochium bolleyie2pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye2
- Value
- 91.12%e2
Verbatim
e0“surveys were conduct in turfgrass areas”
e2“This was followed by M. bolleyi M1584 and M. majus M63, with disease severity values of 91.12% and 91.08%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Microdochium majus M63 showed disease severity 91.08% on turfgrass.
- Taxon
- turfgrasse0
- Interactor
- M. majus M63Microdochium majuse2pathogen
- Outcome
- disease severitye2
- Value
- 91.08%e2
Verbatim
e0“surveys were conduct in turfgrass areas”
e2“This was followed by M. bolleyi M1584 and M. majus M63, with disease severity values of 91.12% and 91.08%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Virulence of M. bolleyi isolates varied among species.
- Taxon
- turfgrasse0
- Interactor
- M. bolleyiMicrodochium bolleyie3pathogen
- Outcome
- The virulence of M. bolleyi isolatese3
- Direction
- variede3
Verbatim
e0“surveys were conduct in turfgrass areas”
e3“The virulence of M. bolleyi isolates varied among the species”
Claim · model-written summary
Only 13 of 31 M. bolleyi species were virulent in turfgrass.
- Taxon
- turfgrasse0
- Interactor
- M. bolleyiMicrodochium bolleyie4pathogen
- Outcome
- virulent in turfgrasse4
- Value
- 13 of the 31e4
Verbatim
e0“surveys were conduct in turfgrass areas”
e4“Only 13 of the 31 M. bolleyi species were found to be virulent in turfgrass”
Claim · model-written summary
Microdochium paspali was less virulent than the other species in Poa pratensis.
- Taxon
- Poa pratensis
.jpg?width=60)
Poa pratensise5 - Interactor
- M. paspaliMicrodochium paspalie5pathogen
- Outcome
- virulente5
- Direction
- less virulente5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e5“M. paspali was less virulent than the others in Poa pratensis”
Claim · model-written summary
Microdochium sorghi and M. paspali had low virulence values in barley and oat.
- Taxon
- barley and oat
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgare
Avena sativae6 - Interactor
- M. sorghiMicrodochium sorghie6pathogen
- Second interactor
- M. paspaliMicrodochium paspalie6pathogen
- Outcome
- low virulence valuese6
- Direction
- lowe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e6“M. sorghi and M. paspali had low virulence values in barley and oat than the other Microdochium species, while the other three species showed high virulence in turfgrass, wheat and barley, other than oat”
Claim · model-written summary
The other three Microdochium species showed high virulence in turfgrass, wheat and barley, but not in oat.
- Taxon
- turfgrass, wheat and barleye6
- Interactor
- MicrodochiumMicrodochiume6pathogen
- Outcome
- high virulencee6
- Direction
- highe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“M. sorghi and M. paspali had low virulence values in barley and oat than the other Microdochium species, while the other three species showed high virulence in turfgrass, wheat and barley, other than oat”
Claim · model-written summary
The 44 Microdochium isolates grouped into five distinct phylogenetic clusters.
- Taxon
- turfgrasst0
- Interactor
- MicrodochiumMicrodochiume2pathogen
- Outcome
- isolates were groupede7
- Value
- five distinct clusterse7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Phylogenetic analysis of Microdochium spp. associated with turfgrass”
e7“the isolates were grouped into five distinct clusters”
e2“In the phylogenetic neighboor-joining tree belonging to 44 Microdochium isolates clearly demonstrated”
Claim · model-written summary
Microdochium nivale and M. majus were genetically close isolates.
- Taxon
- turfgrasst0
- Interactor
- M. nivaleMicrodochium nivalee3pathogen
- Second interactor
- M. majusMicrodochium majuse3pathogen
- Outcome
- genetically closee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Phylogenetic analysis of Microdochium spp. associated with turfgrass”
e3“M. nivale and M. majus were considered genetically close isolates”