Abstract
This two-year research aimed to evaluate the efficacy of chemical preparations and the resistance of tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella) against the Phytophthora infestans pathogen causing fruit blight. Fungicides, including Metalaxyl, Azoxystrobin, Mancozeb, and Copper, were tested in seven combinations, and disease assessments were conducted using the McKinney Index. Results from 2021 and 2022 consistently demonstrated that the combination of Azoxystrobin and Metalaxyl exhibited the highest efficiency in protecting both cultivars against Phytophthora infestans, with infection rates as low as 5.30% and 4.43%, respectively. In addition to fungicide effectiveness, cultivar resistance analysis revealed that Bella consistently displayed higher sustainability to the pathogen compared to Amati, with infection rates ranging from 4.43% to 6.30% for Bella, compared to 5.30% to 7.03% for Amati. This enhanced resistance in Bella was attributed to its smaller vegetative mass. The study underscores the importance of meticulous systemic fungicide use to prevent the development of pathogen resistance. Furthermore, the research recommends adjusting the frequency of sprayings based on climatic conditions to optimize blight management strategies. This research provides valuable insights into effective blight management strategies, highlighting specific fungicide combinations, and emphasizing the resistance characteristics of tomato cultivars. These findings contribute to the development of sustainable practices for protecting tomatoes against Phytophthora infestans, ultimately aiding in the cultivation of more resilient and disease-resistant tomato crops.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin plus Metalaxyl had the highest protection efficiency for Amati, with 5.30% infection.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Material
- Amatie1
- Treatment
- combination of Azoxystrobin and Metalaxyle0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestans
Phytophthora infestanse0pathogen - Outcome
- infection ratese0
- Direction
- highest efficiencye0
- Value
- 5.30%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of Azoxystrobin and Metalaxyl exhibited the highest efficiency in protecting both cultivars against Phytophthora infestans, with infection rates as low as 5.30% and 4.43%, respectively”
e1“tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella)”
Claim · model-written summary
Azoxystrobin plus Metalaxyl had the highest protection efficiency for Bella, with 4.43% infection.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Bellae1
- Treatment
- combination of Azoxystrobin and Metalaxyle0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse0pathogen
- Outcome
- infection ratese0
- Direction
- highest efficiencye0
- Value
- 4.43%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the combination of Azoxystrobin and Metalaxyl exhibited the highest efficiency in protecting both cultivars against Phytophthora infestans, with infection rates as low as 5.30% and 4.43%, respectively”
e1“tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bella had higher resistance than Amati, with infection rates of 4.43% to 6.30%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Bellae0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- infection ratese0
- Direction
- higher sustainabilitye0
- Value
- 4.43% to 6.30%e0
- Qualifier
- 5.30% to 7.03%e0
- Comparator
- Amatie0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Bella consistently displayed higher sustainability to the pathogen compared to Amati, with infection rates ranging from 4.43% to 6.30% for Bella, compared to 5.30% to 7.03% for Amati”
e1“tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella)”
e2“Phytophthora infestans pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Bella’s enhanced resistance was attributed to smaller vegetative mass.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Material
- Bellae0
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- enhanced resistancee0
- Qualifier
- smaller vegetative masse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This enhanced resistance in Bella was attributed to its smaller vegetative mass”
e1“tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella)”
e2“Phytophthora infestans pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend meticulous systemic fungicide use to prevent pathogen resistance.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- meticulous systemic fungicide use to prevent the development of pathogen resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“meticulous systemic fungicide use to prevent the development of pathogen resistance”
e1“tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella)”
e2“Phytophthora infestans pathogen”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend adjusting spray frequency to climatic conditions for blight management.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- Phytophthora infestansPhytophthora infestanse2pathogen
- Outcome
- adjusting the frequency of sprayings based on climatic conditions to optimize blight management strategiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“adjusting the frequency of sprayings based on climatic conditions to optimize blight management strategies”
e1“tomato cultivars (Amati and Bella)”
e2“Phytophthora infestans pathogen”
The same questions in other papers
azoxystrobin · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
metalaxyl · Phytophthora infestans · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.