Abstract
The present study was carried out to examine the combined effects of varying seed sowing and multinutrient fertilizer levels on maize yield in Shire area, Northern Ethiopia, in two consecutive cropping seasons (2018-2019). The experimental plots were designed in a split plot design with three replications. Sowing dates were determined based on the rainfall criteria of the AquaCrop model. Accordingly, the sowing date treatments were set as June 1, June 7, June 12, and June 16 for the 2018 cropping season, and the corresponding sowing dates for the 2019 cropping season were May 26, June 3, June 8, and June 12. The multinutrient fertilizer levels included 0, 100, 200, and 300 kg·ha−1. Agronomic related data were subjected to the analysis of variance, and partial budget analysis was applied for the economic performance evaluation. Maize yield was agronomically and economically influenced by sowing dates and multinutrient levels. Relative yield superiority that varies between 48.9 and 87.7% was found for each 100 kg·ha−1 multinutrient applied. On the other hand, with 4–6 days shifted towards earlier sowing resulted in an average yield increase by 4.9–66.9%. Application of 300 kg·ha−1 multinutrient for the early sown maize seems agronomically the superior treatment. However, from the economic analysis perspective, early maize sowing combined with the application of 200 kg·ha−1 multinutrient fertilizer was reported as the most profitable treatment. Late sowing of maize with the application of multinutrient fertilizer beyond 200 kg·ha−1 resulted in negative economic returns. The regression analysis results also indicated that maize grain yield tends to increase with the level of multinutrient fertilizer application ( <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><a:msup><a:mrow><a:mi>R</a:mi></a:mrow><a:mrow><a:mn>2</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msup></a:math> = 0.841–0.864), whereas yield decreased with the delay in sowing dates ( <c:math xmlns:c="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"><c:msup><c:mrow><c:mi>R</c:mi></c:mrow><c:mrow><c:mn>2</c:mn></c:mrow></c:msup></c:math> = 0.927–0.995). Hence, this study concluded that the treatments with the best agronomic performance are not necessarily the best in terms of profitability.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Each additional 100 kg per hectare of multinutrient fertilizer raised relative maize yield by 48.9–87.7%.
- Treatment
- each 100 kg·ha−1 multinutrient appliede0
- Outcome
- Relative yield superioritye0
- Direction
- superioritye0
- Value
- 48.9 and 87.7%e0
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Relative yield superiority that varies between 48.9 and 87.7% was found for each 100 kg·ha−1 multinutrient applied.”
t0“Agronomic and Economic Performance of Rain-Fed Maize (Zea mays L.) Production under Varying Sowing Dates and Multinutrient Fertilizer Levels in Shire Area, Northern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
Sowing maize four to six days earlier increased average yield by 4.9–66.9%.
- Treatment
- 4–6 days shifted towards earlier sowinge0
- Outcome
- average yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 4.9–66.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“with 4–6 days shifted towards earlier sowing resulted in an average yield increase by 4.9–66.9%”
t0“Agronomic and Economic Performance of Rain-Fed Maize (Zea mays L.) Production under Varying Sowing Dates and Multinutrient Fertilizer Levels in Shire Area, Northern Ethiopia”
Claim · model-written summary
Early sowing with 300 kg per hectare multinutrient was the agronomically superior treatment.
- Treatment
- 300 kg·ha−1 multinutriente0
- Outcome
- agronomically the superior treatmente0
- Direction
- superiore0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 300 kg·ha−1 multinutrient for the early sown maize seems agronomically the superior treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Early sowing with 200 kg per hectare multinutrient was the most profitable treatment.
- Treatment
- 200 kg·ha−1 multinutrient fertilizere0
- Outcome
- most profitable treatmente0
- Direction
- most profitablee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“early maize sowing combined with the application of 200 kg·ha−1 multinutrient fertilizer was reported as the most profitable treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Late sowing with fertilizer beyond 200 kg per hectare produced negative economic returns.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Late sowing of maize with the application of multinutrient fertilizer beyond 200 kg·ha−1 resulted in negative economic returns.”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield increased with fertilizer level in regression analysis.
- Treatment
- level of multinutrient fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- maize grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“maize grain yield tends to increase with the level of multinutrient fertilizer application”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize yield decreased with later sowing dates in regression analysis.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“yield decreased with the delay in sowing dates”
t0“Agronomic and Economic Performance of Rain-Fed Maize (Zea mays L.) Production under Varying Sowing Dates and Multinutrient Fertilizer Levels in Shire Area, Northern Ethiopia”
The same questions in other papers
fertilization · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
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