Abstract
Abstract Background Water deficit is an important problem in agricultural production in arid regions. With the advent of wholly mechanized technology for cotton planting in Xinjiang, it is important to determine which planting mode could achieve high yield, fiber quality and water use efficiency (WUE). This study aimed to explore if chemical topping affected cotton yield, quality and water use in relation to row configuration and plant densities. Results Experiments were carried out in Xinjiang China, in 2020 and 2021 with two topping method, manual topping and chemical topping, two plant densities, low and high, and two row configurations, i.e., 76 cm equal rows and 10+66 cm narrow-wide rows, which were commonly applied in matching harvest machine. Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield, but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping. Under equal row spacing, the WUE in higher density was 62.4% higher than in the lower one. However, under narrow-wide row spacing, the WUE in lower density was 53.3% higher than in higher one (farmers’ practice). For machine-harvest cotton in Xinjiang, the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m -2 or equal rows with 18 plants m -2 . Conclusion The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’ practice and the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice. Our results provide new knowledge on optimizing agronomic managements of machine-harvested cotton for both high yield and water efficient.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield relative to manual topping.
- Taxon
- cotton
Gossypium hirsutume0 - Treatment
- Chemical toppinge0
- Outcome
- seed cotton yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- traditional manual toppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield, but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping”
Claim · model-written summary
Chemical topping did not affect cotton fiber quality relative to manual topping.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutume0
- Treatment
- Chemical toppinge0
- Outcome
- cotton fiber qualitye0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
- Comparator
- traditional manual toppinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chemical topping increased seed cotton yield, but did not affect cotton fiber quality comparing to traditional manual topping”
Claim · model-written summary
With equal rows, higher density raised water use efficiency by 62.4% over lower density.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- higher densitye0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 62.4%e0
- Qualifier
- equal row spacinge0
- Comparator
- the lower onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under equal row spacing, the WUE in higher density was 62.4% higher than in the lower one”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
With narrow-wide rows, lower density raised water use efficiency by 53.3% over higher density.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Treatment
- lower densitye0
- Outcome
- WUEe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 53.3%e0
- Qualifier
- narrow-wide row spacinge0
- Comparator
- higher onee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under narrow-wide row spacing, the WUE in lower density was 53.3% higher than in higher one”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
For chemically topped machine-harvest cotton, the authors identify narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m -2 as optimal.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m -2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m -2 or equal rows with 18 plants m -2”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
For chemically topped machine-harvest cotton, the authors also identify equal rows with 18 plants m -2 as optimal.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- equal rows with 18 plants m -2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the optimal row configuration and plant density for chemical topping was narrow-wide rows with 15 plants m -2 or equal rows with 18 plants m -2”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended density for narrow-wide rows is below farmers’ practice.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- plant density recommended in narrow-wide rowse0
- Direction
- less thane0
- Comparator
- farmers’ practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant density recommended in narrow-wide rows was less than farmers’ practice”
t0“cotton”
Claim · model-written summary
The recommended density for equal rows is moderate relative to local practice.
- Taxon
- cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
- Outcome
- density in equal rowse0
- Comparator
- local practicee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the density in equal rows was moderate with local practice”
t0“cotton”
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