Abstract
Abstract Sorghum is a vital food and feed crop in the world’s dry regions. Developing sorghum cultivars with high biomass production and carbon sequestration can contribute to soil health and crop productivity. The objective of this study was to assess agronomic performance, biomass production and carbon accumulation in selected sorghum genotypes for production and breeding. Fifty sorghum genotypes were evaluated at three locations (Silverton, Ukulinga, and Bethlehem) in South Africa during 2022 and 2023 growing seasons. Significant genotype × location ( p < 0.05) interactions were detected for days to 50% heading (DTH), days to 50% maturity (DTM), plant height (PH), total plant biomass (PB), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB), root-to-shoot biomass ratio (RS), and grain yield (GY). The highest GY was recorded for genotypes AS115 (25.08 g plant −1 ), AS251 (21.83 g plant −1 ), and AS134 (21.42 g plant −1 ). Genotypes AS122 and AS27 ranked first and second, respectively, for all the carbon stock parameters except for root carbon stock (RCs), whereas genotype AS108 had the highest RCs of 8.87 g plant −1 . The principal component analysis identified GY, DTH, PH, PB, SB, RB, RCs, RCs/SCs, total plant carbon stock (PCs), shoot carbon stock (SCs), and grain carbon stock (GCs) as the most discriminated traits among the test genotypes. The cluster analysis using agronomic and carbon-related parameters delineated the test genotypes into three genetic groups, indicating marked genetic diversity for cultivar development and enhanced C storage and sustainable sorghum production. The selected sorghum genotypes are recommended for further breeding and variety release adapted to various agroecologies in South Africa.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype by location interactions were significant for heading, maturity, height, biomass and grain yield traits.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolor
Sorghum bicolort0 - Outcome
- genotype × locatione0
- Value
- p < 0.05e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Significant genotype × location ( p < 0.05) interactions were detected for days to 50% heading (DTH), days to 50% maturity (DTM), plant height (PH), total plant biomass (PB), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB), root-to-shoot biomass ratio (RS), and grain yield (GY).”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
AS115 had the highest listed grain yield at 25.08 g per plant.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- AS115e0
- Outcome
- GYe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 25.08 g plant −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest GY was recorded for genotypes AS115 (25.08 g plant −1 ), AS251 (21.83 g plant −1 ), and AS134 (21.42 g plant −1 ).”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
AS251 grain yield was 21.83 g per plant.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- AS251e0
- Outcome
- GYe1
- Value
- 21.83 g plant −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AS251 (21.83 g plant −1 )”
e1“The highest GY was recorded for genotypes”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
AS134 grain yield was 21.42 g per plant.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- AS134e0
- Outcome
- GYe1
- Value
- 21.42 g plant −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“AS134 (21.42 g plant −1 )”
e1“The highest GY was recorded for genotypes”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
AS122 ranked first for carbon stock parameters except root carbon stock.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- AS122e0
- Outcome
- carbon stock parameterse0
- Direction
- firste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypes AS122 and AS27 ranked first and second, respectively, for all the carbon stock parameters except for root carbon stock (RCs)”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
AS27 ranked second for carbon stock parameters except root carbon stock.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- AS27e0
- Outcome
- carbon stock parameterse0
- Direction
- seconde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Genotypes AS122 and AS27 ranked first and second, respectively, for all the carbon stock parameters except for root carbon stock (RCs)”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
AS108 had the highest root carbon stock at 8.87 g per plant.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Material
- AS108e0
- Outcome
- RCse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.87 g plant −1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotype AS108 had the highest RCs of 8.87 g plant −1”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
PCA identified grain yield, heading, height, biomass and carbon traits as most discriminating among genotypes.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Outcome
- most discriminated traitse0
- Comparator
- test genotypese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The principal component analysis identified GY, DTH, PH, PB, SB, RB, RCs, RCs/SCs, total plant carbon stock (PCs), shoot carbon stock (SCs), and grain carbon stock (GCs) as the most discriminated traits among the test genotypes.”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
Cluster analysis divided the sorghum genotypes into three genetic groups.
- Taxon
- Sorghum bicolorSorghum bicolort0
- Outcome
- three genetic groupse0
- Value
- three genetic groupse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“cluster analysis using agronomic and carbon-related parameters delineated the test genotypes into three genetic groups”
t0“Sorghum bicolor”
Claim · model-written summary
Selected genotypes are recommended for further breeding and variety release in South Africa.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The selected sorghum genotypes are recommended for further breeding and variety release adapted to various agroecologies in South Africa.”