Abstract
Purpose: The basal fertilizer recommendation for growing hybrid fodder sorghum varieties in uplands involves relatively high quantities of Urea, TSP, and MOP, with rates of 100:90:65 kg/ha for SX-17 and 150:62:37 kg/ha for Dairy green. For both initial and ratoon crops, it is recommended to apply 150 kg/ha of urea as a top dressing. This study investigated the impact of reducing the fertilizer application rate to 75% and employing alternative agronomic practices on hybrid fodder sorghum varieties grown in lowland fallow paddy fields in the dry zone during the Yala and third seasons.Research Method: The agronomic management practices, including four basal fertilizer rates (Urea:TSP: MOP) of 100:90:65 (BD1), 150:62:37 (BD2), 75:68:49 (BD3), and 113:47:28 (BD4); two top-dressing urea fertilizer rates of 150 (TD1) and 112.5 kg/ha (TD2); two plant spacing configurations of 45x30 (WS) and 45x15 cm (NS); and two irrigation interval regimes, 5 days up to 30 days followed by 8 days (SI) and 7 days up to 30 days followed by 10 days (LI) were investigated. These factors were combined into four agronomic management packages: AMP1 (BD1, TD1, WS, SI), AMP2 (BD2, TD1, NS, SI), AMP3 (BD3, TD2, WS, LI), and AMP4 (BD4, TD2, NS, LI). The study used a split-plot design with three replicates and assessed various parameters, including plant height, stem diameter, plant weight, leaf area index (LAI), number of tillers, and fodder yield in both the initial fodder sorghum crop and the first ratoon crop. The crops were harvested when 50% of the panicles on the plants were at the milk and dough grain stages.Findings: The initial crop exhibited significantly heavier plants having wider stems when grown with higher fertilizer rates, wider plant spacing, and shorter irrigation intervals in AMP1. Irrespective of fertilizer rate and irrigation interval, the initial crops tended to have higher LAI with narrow plant spacing in AMP2 and AMP4. In the ratoon crops, wider plant spacing in AMP1 and AMP3 resulted in clumps with a greater number of tillers and heavier plants. However, the ratoon crops also exhibited higher LAI with narrow plant spacing in AMP2 and AMP4. Total fodder dry matter yield (DMY) in AMP2 and AMP4 with narrow plant spacing was significantly greater for both varieties. Furthermore, the DMY was not affected by fertilizer rate and irrigation interval.Value: Hybrid fodder sorghum varieties (SX-17 and Dairygreen) cultivated at higher plant density, along with reduced fertilizer (75%) and irrigation, can produce comparable fodder yield (21.1 and 26.1 MT/ha, respectively) to those grown at lower plant density with more fertilizer and irrigation (24.6 and 28.1 MT/ha, respectively) in lowland paddy fields during Yala and third seasons in the dry zone.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
AMP1 yielded heavier initial crop plants and wider stems.
SorghumNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Fodder Sorghum”
e0“The initial crop exhibited significantly heavier plants having wider stems when grown with higher fertilizer rates, wider plant spacing, and shorter irrigation intervals in AMP1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow spacing in AMP2 and AMP4 tended to raise initial crop leaf area index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Fodder Sorghum”
e0“the initial crops tended to have higher LAI with narrow plant spacing in AMP2 and AMP4.”
Claim · model-written summary
Wider spacing in AMP1 and AMP3 gave ratoon clumps more tillers and heavier plants.
- Treatment
- wider plant spacinge0
- Outcome
- greater number of tillers and heavier plantse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Qualifier
- AMP1 and AMP3e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Fodder Sorghum”
e0“wider plant spacing in AMP1 and AMP3 resulted in clumps with a greater number of tillers and heavier plants.”
Claim · model-written summary
Narrow spacing in AMP2 and AMP4 gave ratoon crops higher leaf area index.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Fodder Sorghum”
e0“the ratoon crops also exhibited higher LAI with narrow plant spacing in AMP2 and AMP4.”
Claim · model-written summary
Total fodder dry matter yield in narrow spaced AMP2 and AMP4 was significantly greater for both varieties.
- Treatment
- AMP2 and AMP4 with narrow plant spacinge0
- Outcome
- Total fodder dry matter yield (DMY)e0
- Direction
- greatere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Fodder Sorghum”
e0“Total fodder dry matter yield (DMY) in AMP2 and AMP4 with narrow plant spacing was significantly greater for both varieties.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer rate and irrigation interval did not affect dry matter yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Hybrid Fodder Sorghum”
e0“the DMY was not affected by fertilizer rate and irrigation interval.”
Claim · model-written summary
SX-17 under higher density with reduced fertilizer and irrigation yielded 21.1 MT/ha, comparable to 24.6 MT/ha under lower density and greater inputs.
- Material
- SX-17e0
- Treatment
- higher plant density, along with reduced fertilizer (75%) and irrigatione0
- Outcome
- fodder yielde0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Value
- 21.1 and 26.1 MT/hae0
- Qualifier
- 24.6 and 28.1 MT/hae0
- Comparator
- lower plant density with more fertilizer and irrigatione0
- Setting
- lowland paddy fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hybrid fodder sorghum varieties (SX-17 and Dairygreen) cultivated at higher plant density, along with reduced fertilizer (75%) and irrigation, can produce comparable fodder yield (21.1 and 26.1 MT/ha, respectively) to those grown at lower plant density with more fertilizer and irrigation (24.6 and 28.1 MT/ha, respectively) in lowland paddy fields during Yala and third seasons in the dry zone.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dairygreen under higher density with reduced fertilizer and irrigation yielded 26.1 MT/ha, comparable to 28.1 MT/ha with lower density and more inputs.
- Material
- Dairygreene0
- Treatment
- higher plant density, along with reduced fertilizer (75%) and irrigatione0
- Outcome
- fodder yielde0
- Direction
- comparablee0
- Value
- 26.1 MT/hae0
- Qualifier
- 24.6 and 28.1 MT/hae0
- Comparator
- lower plant density with more fertilizer and irrigatione0
- Setting
- lowland paddy fieldse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hybrid fodder sorghum varieties (SX-17 and Dairygreen) cultivated at higher plant density, along with reduced fertilizer (75%) and irrigation, can produce comparable fodder yield (21.1 and 26.1 MT/ha, respectively) to those grown at lower plant density with more fertilizer and irrigation (24.6 and 28.1 MT/ha, respectively) in lowland paddy fields during Yala and third seasons in the dry zone.”
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