Abstract
The investigation on “Seasonal Incidence of Major Lepidopteran Pests in Soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) with relation to weather parameters” was conducted at Instructional Farm and Department of Entomology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur during Kharif, 2023. The study reveals that Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), Green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta), Leaf miner (Aproaerema modicella) and Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) were recorded as major insect pests of Soybean crop at Udaipur conditions. The peak population of S. litura (3.20 larvae per plant), C. acuta (2.00 larvae per plant) and H. armigera (3.00 larvae per plant) were recorded during last week of August (35th Standard Meteorological Week, SMW) whereas, the peak population of A. modicella (3.00 larvae per plant) was recorded during third week of August (33th SMW). The weather parameters, the morning relative humidity and number of rainy days had significant negative correlation with the peak population of S. litura (-0.727 and -0.520), C. acuta (-0.614 and -0.668) and H. armigera (-0.576 and -0.562), respectively whereas, evening relative humidity had significant negative correlation only with S. litura (-0.590) and H. armigera (-0.532) and non significant correlation with C. acuta (-0.402). The evaporation had significant positive correlation with S.litura (0.549), C. acuta (0.657) and non significant positive correlation with H. armigera (0.449). The peak population of A. modicella exhibited significant negative correlation with morning relative humidity (-0.501) and number of rainy days (-0.648) while, wind velocity (0.684) and evaporation (0.632) showed significant positive correlation.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Four species were major soybean pests in Udaipur.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxe0 - Interactor
- Spodoptera litura
Spodoptera liturae0pest - Second interactor
- Chrysodeixis acuta
Chrysodeixis acutae0pest - Outcome
- major insect pestse0
- Qualifier
- Aproaerema modicella) and Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigerae0
- Setting
- Udaipur conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), Green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta), Leaf miner (Aproaerema modicella) and Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) were recorded as major insect pests of Soybean crop at Udaipur conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
S. litura peaked at 3.20 larvae per plant in late August.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
- Outcome
- peak population of S. liturae0
- Value
- 3.20 larvae per plante0
- Qualifier
- last week of Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peak population of S. litura (3.20 larvae per plant), C. acuta (2.00 larvae per plant) and H. armigera (3.00 larvae per plant) were recorded during last week of August”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
C. acuta peaked at 2.00 larvae per plant in late August.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- C. acutaChrysodeixis acutae0pest
- Outcome
- C. acutae0
- Value
- 2.00 larvae per plante0
- Qualifier
- last week of Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peak population of S. litura (3.20 larvae per plant), C. acuta (2.00 larvae per plant) and H. armigera (3.00 larvae per plant) were recorded during last week of August”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
H. armigera peaked at 3.00 larvae per plant in late August.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- H. armigera
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=60)
Helicoverpa armigerae0pest - Outcome
- H. armigerae0
- Value
- 3.00 larvae per plante0
- Qualifier
- last week of Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_gusano_cogollero.png?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“The peak population of S. litura (3.20 larvae per plant), C. acuta (2.00 larvae per plant) and H. armigera (3.00 larvae per plant) were recorded during last week of August”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
A. modicella peaked at 3.00 larvae per plant in the third week of August.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- A. modicellaAproaerema modicellae0pest
- Outcome
- peak population of A. modicellae0
- Value
- 3.00 larvae per plante0
- Qualifier
- third week of Auguste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the peak population of A. modicella (3.00 larvae per plant) was recorded during third week of August”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Morning relative humidity and rainy days correlated negatively with S. litura peaks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
- Outcome
- peak population of S. liturae0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Setting
- morning relative humiditye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the morning relative humidity and number of rainy days had significant negative correlation with the peak population of S. litura (-0.727 and -0.520)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Morning humidity and rainy days correlated negatively with C. acuta peaks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- C. acutaChrysodeixis acutae0pest
- Outcome
- C. acutae0
- Setting
- soybeant0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. acuta (-0.614 and -0.668)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Morning humidity and rainy days correlated negatively with H. armigera peaks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae0pest
- Outcome
- H. armigerae0
- Setting
- soybeant0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H. armigera (-0.576 and -0.562)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Evening humidity correlated negatively with S. litura and H. armigera.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- S. lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
- Outcome
- S. liturae0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Setting
- evening relative humiditye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evening relative humidity had significant negative correlation only with S. litura (-0.590) and H. armigera (-0.532)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Evening humidity had a nonsignificant correlation with C. acuta.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- C. acutaChrysodeixis acutae0pest
- Outcome
- C. acutae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“non significant correlation with C. acuta (-0.402)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Evaporation correlated positively with S. litura and C. acuta.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- S.lituraSpodoptera liturae0pest
- Outcome
- S.liturae0
- Direction
- positivee0
- Setting
- evaporatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“evaporation had significant positive correlation with S.litura (0.549), C. acuta (0.657)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Evaporation had a nonsignificant positive correlation with H. armigera.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- H. armigeraHelicoverpa armigerae0pest
- Outcome
- H. armigerae0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“non significant positive correlation with H. armigera (0.449)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
A. modicella peaks correlated negatively with morning humidity and rainy days.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- A. modicellaAproaerema modicellae0pest
- Outcome
- peak population of A. modicellae0
- Direction
- negativee0
- Setting
- morning relative humiditye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The peak population of A. modicella exhibited significant negative correlation with morning relative humidity (-0.501) and number of rainy days (-0.648)”
t0“soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Wind velocity and evaporation correlated positively with A. modicella peaks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Aproaerema modicellaAproaerema modicellae1pest
- Outcome
- Aproaerema modicellae1
- Direction
- positivee0
- Setting
- wind velocitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“wind velocity (0.684) and evaporation (0.632) showed significant positive correlation”
t0“soybean”
e1“Leaf miner (Aproaerema modicella) and Pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera) were recorded as major insect pests”