Abstract
Phyto‐ecological studies are crucial in developing insights into community structure and functioning. Here, we studied the phytosociological and soil parameters of Swertia thomsonii – an endemic medicinal plant of western Himalaya. Thirty quadrats were laid out across three different habitats of S. thomsonii in Kashmir Himalaya. Soil samples were collected from each site and soil properties were determined by using standard methods. A total of 62 species belonging to 51 genera and 34 families were recorded across the three study sites. Herbs were dominant (83.87%) followed by shrubs (9.67%), trees (4.83%), and ferns (1.61%). Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species within S. thomsonii assemblages. The maximum (23.14) IVI value of S. thomsonii was recorded at the Doodhpathri site followed by Gulmarg (22.12) and Pahalgam (16.34). Diversity indices varied across three study sites. Plant species richness was recorded maximum at Pahalgam (30 species) followed by Doodhpathri (26 species) and Gulmarg (20 species). Also, Shannon index was recorded maximum (H = 3.03) at the Pahalgam site followed by Doodhpathri (H = 2.99) and Gulmarg (H = 2.62). Simpson index and species evenness were recorded maximum (0.93 and 0.79 respectively) at the Doodhpathri site followed pahalgam (0.92 and 0.67 respectively) and Gulmarg site (0.90 and 0.65 respectively). Soil parameters also varied significantly across study sites. Nitrogen and phosphorous were recorded maximum (465.32 ± 4.26 kg ha −1 and 80.2 ± 3.63 kg ha −1 respectively) at the Gulmarg site and minimum (301.33 ± 2.62 kg ha −1 and 33.63 ± 4.22 kg ha −1 respectively) at Pahalgam site. Potassium was recorded maximum (295.5 ± 3.34 kg ha −1 ) at the Pahalgam site and minimum (165.83 ± 4.25 kg ha −1 ) at the Gulmarg site. The scientific information generated could contribute to better management practices for target species and thereby ensuring ecosystem health and sustenance of ecosystem services.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
A total of 62 plant species were recorded across the three study sites.
- Taxon
- Swertia thomsoniiSwertia thomsoniit0
- Outcome
- speciese1
- Value
- 62 speciese1
- Setting
- three study sitese1
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e1“A total of 62 species belonging to 51 genera and 34 families were recorded across the three study sites”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbs were the dominant life form, at 83.87% of recorded species.
- Taxon
- Swertia thomsoniiSwertia thomsoniit0
- Outcome
- Herbse2
- Direction
- dominante2
- Value
- 83.87%e2
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e2“Herbs were dominant (83.87%) followed by shrubs (9.67%), trees (4.83%), and ferns (1.61%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cynodon dactylon was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 42.84.
- Taxon
- Cynodon dactylon
Cynodon dactylone3 - Outcome
- importance value index (IVI)e3
- Direction
- dominante3
- Value
- 42.84e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Gaultheria trichophylla was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 42.44.
- Taxon
- Gaultheria trichophyllaGaultheria trichophyllae3
- Outcome
- importance value index (IVI)e3
- Direction
- dominante3
- Value
- 42.44e3
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Leucanthemum vulgare was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 39.93.
- Taxon
- Leucanthemum vulgare
Leucanthemum vulgaree3 - Outcome
- importance value index (IVI)e3
- Direction
- dominante3
- Value
- 39.93e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Poa angustifolia was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 30.33.
- Taxon
- Poa angustifolia
.jpg?width=60)
Poa pratensis subsp. angustifoliae3 - Outcome
- importance value index (IVI)e3
- Direction
- dominante3
- Value
- 30.33e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Trifolium pratense was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 26.67.
- Taxon
- Trifolium pratense
Trifolium pratensee3 - Outcome
- importance value index (IVI)e3
- Direction
- dominante3
- Value
- 26.67e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Galium aparine was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 25.88.
- Taxon
- Galium aparine
Galium aparinee3 - Outcome
- importance value index (IVI)e3
- Direction
- dominante3
- Value
- 25.88e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Androsace rotundifolia was dominant in the Swertia thomsonii assemblages, with an IVI of 25.82.
Verbatim
e3“Based on importance value index (IVI) values Cynodon dactylon (42.84), Gaultheria trichophylla (42.44) Leucanthemum vulgare (39.93), Poa angustifolia (30.33), Trifolium pratense (26.67), Galium aparine (25.88), and Androsace rotundifolia (25.82) were found to be dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Swertia thomsonii had its maximum IVI of 23.14 at the Doodhpathri site.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e4“The maximum (23.14) IVI value of S. thomsonii was recorded at the Doodhpathri site followed by Gulmarg (22.12) and Pahalgam (16.34)”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant species richness was maximum at Pahalgam, with 30 species.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e5“Plant species richness was recorded maximum at Pahalgam (30 species) followed by Doodhpathri (26 species) and Gulmarg (20 species)”
Claim · model-written summary
The Shannon index was maximum at Pahalgam, with H = 3.03.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e6“Shannon index was recorded maximum (H = 3.03) at the Pahalgam site followed by Doodhpathri (H = 2.99) and Gulmarg (H = 2.62)”
Claim · model-written summary
The Simpson index was maximum at Doodhpathri, with a value of 0.93.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e7“Simpson index and species evenness were recorded maximum (0.93 and 0.79 respectively) at the Doodhpathri site”
Claim · model-written summary
Species evenness was maximum at Doodhpathri, with a value of 0.79.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e7“Simpson index and species evenness were recorded maximum (0.93 and 0.79 respectively) at the Doodhpathri site”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nitrogen was maximum at Gulmarg, at 465.32 ± 4.26 kg ha −1.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e0“Nitrogen and phosphorous were recorded maximum (465.32 ± 4.26 kg ha −1 and 80.2 ± 3.63 kg ha −1 respectively) at the Gulmarg site and minimum (301.33 ± 2.62 kg ha −1 and 33.63 ± 4.22 kg ha −1 respectively) at Pahalgam site”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nitrogen was minimum at Pahalgam, at 301.33 ± 2.62 kg ha −1.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e0“Nitrogen and phosphorous were recorded maximum (465.32 ± 4.26 kg ha −1 and 80.2 ± 3.63 kg ha −1 respectively) at the Gulmarg site and minimum (301.33 ± 2.62 kg ha −1 and 33.63 ± 4.22 kg ha −1 respectively) at Pahalgam site”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil phosphorus was maximum at Gulmarg, at 80.2 ± 3.63 kg ha −1.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e0“Nitrogen and phosphorous were recorded maximum (465.32 ± 4.26 kg ha −1 and 80.2 ± 3.63 kg ha −1 respectively) at the Gulmarg site and minimum (301.33 ± 2.62 kg ha −1 and 33.63 ± 4.22 kg ha −1 respectively) at Pahalgam site”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil phosphorus was minimum at Pahalgam, at 33.63 ± 4.22 kg ha −1.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e0“Nitrogen and phosphorous were recorded maximum (465.32 ± 4.26 kg ha −1 and 80.2 ± 3.63 kg ha −1 respectively) at the Gulmarg site and minimum (301.33 ± 2.62 kg ha −1 and 33.63 ± 4.22 kg ha −1 respectively) at Pahalgam site”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil potassium was maximum at Pahalgam, at 295.5 ± 3.34 kg ha −1.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e1“Potassium was recorded maximum (295.5 ± 3.34 kg ha −1 ) at the Pahalgam site and minimum (165.83 ± 4.25 kg ha −1 ) at the Gulmarg site”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil potassium was minimum at Gulmarg, at 165.83 ± 4.25 kg ha −1.
Verbatim
t0“Swertia thomsonii C.B.Clarke assemblages”
e1“Potassium was recorded maximum (295.5 ± 3.34 kg ha −1 ) at the Pahalgam site and minimum (165.83 ± 4.25 kg ha −1 ) at the Gulmarg site”