Abstract
ABSTRACT The cultivation of conventional maize in refuge areas is important for preserving Bt technology and serving specific markets with greater added value to the grains. Therefore, research aimed at chemical weed control must also continue to be directed to conventional maize hybrids. The objective was to evaluate the selectivity of herbicides applied in preand post-emergence of a conventional maize hybrid cultivated in the Cerrado biome of Brazil. Two field experiments were set up, one in summer and the other in second season. The treatments were composed of eleven herbicide treatments, whose doses are presented in g ha-1 of active ingredient: S-metolachlor (1,440), S-metolachlor (1,680), mesotrione + atrazine (115.2 + 2,000), mesotrione + atrazine (192 + 2,000), tembotrione + atrazine (75.6 + 2,000), tembotrione + atrazine (100.8 + 2,000), nicosulfuron + atrazine (16 + 2,000), nicosulfuron + atrazine (24 + 2,000), [mesotrione + atrazine] ([120 + 1,200]), sequential application of [mesotrione + atrazine] ([60 + 600]), atrazine (2,000), plus a weeded control. Regardless of the experiment, all herbicides applied preand post-emergence of maize led to low percentages of phytointoxication. In both experiments, none of the treatments caused reductions in crop stand, confirming the absence of plant mortality due to the application of herbicides. Plant tipping/lodging was seen in summer maize, with no treatment effect. Maize 100grain mass and yield did not change as a result of the application of herbicides in preand post-emergence of the crop. All herbicide treatments evaluated showed selectivity for the conventional maize hybrid.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicides applied pre- and post-emergence led to low phytointoxication of maize.
- Treatment
- herbicides applied preand post-emergencee1
- Outcome
- phytointoxicatione1
- Direction
- low percentagese1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional maize hybrid”
e1“all herbicides applied preand post-emergence of maize led to low percentages of phytointoxication”
Claim · model-written summary
No herbicide treatment caused reductions in maize crop stand.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional maize hybrid”
e2“none of the treatments caused reductions in crop stand”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application caused no plant mortality in maize.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional maize hybrid”
e3“confirming the absence of plant mortality due to the application of herbicides”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant tipping or lodging was seen in summer maize with no treatment effect.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional maize hybrid”
e4“Plant tipping/lodging was seen in summer maize, with no treatment effect”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicide application in pre- and post-emergence did not change maize 100-grain mass or yield.
- Treatment
- application of herbicides in preand post-emergencee5
- Outcome
- 100grain mass and yielde5
- Direction
- did not changee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional maize hybrid”
e5“Maize 100grain mass and yield did not change as a result of the application of herbicides in preand post-emergence of the crop”
Claim · model-written summary
All herbicide treatments evaluated showed selectivity for the conventional maize hybrid.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“conventional maize hybrid”
e6“All herbicide treatments evaluated showed selectivity for the conventional maize hybrid”
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