Abstract
The contamination of Alternaria toxins poses a potential risk to human health. This study developed a rapid, efficient, and environmentally friendly method for the simultaneous determination of five types of Alternaria toxins in wheat using high-precision and stable isotope liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The comparison between dilution method and solid-phase extraction method shows that the former achieves satisfactory results with a simple and convenient sample purification method. The quantitative limit range is 0.88 to 1.68 μg/kg. The recoveries are between 81.40 % and 102.68 %, with RSD less than 11.95 %. The method was used to analyze 60 samples from the main wheat producing areas in China. The results showed that Tenuzonic acid had the highest detection rate (100 %), followed by Tentoxin (95 %), Alternariol (66.67 %), and Alternariol monomethyl ether (53.33 %). There is a certain pollution risk that needs to be taken seriously and monitoring should be strengthened. • A dilution purification method developed for Alternaria toxins determination. • Its features is high throughput, low solvent/timeconsumption, and eco-friendly. • The method was applied to 60 wheat samples from chinese major production regions in 2023. • TeA with a high occurrence in analyzed wheat samples.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
The dilution purification method gave satisfactory results compared with solid-phase extraction.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Outcome
- satisfactory resultse0
- Comparator
- solid-phase extraction methode0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e0“The comparison between dilution method and solid-phase extraction method shows that the former achieves satisfactory results”
Claim · model-written summary
The quantitative limit of the method ranges from 0.88 to 1.68 μg/kg.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- quantitative limite1
- Value
- 0.88 to 1.68 μg/kge1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e1“The quantitative limit range is 0.88 to 1.68 μg/kg”
Claim · model-written summary
Recoveries of the method were between 81.40 % and 102.68 %.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- recoveriese2
- Value
- 81.40 % and 102.68 %e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e2“The recoveries are between 81.40 % and 102.68 %, with RSD less than 11.95 %”
Claim · model-written summary
The relative standard deviation of the method was less than 11.95 %.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- RSDe2
- Value
- less than 11.95 %e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e2“The recoveries are between 81.40 % and 102.68 %, with RSD less than 11.95 %”
Claim · model-written summary
Tenuazonic acid had a detection rate of 100% in the 60 wheat samples from China.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Tenuzonic acide4
- Outcome
- detection ratee4
- Value
- 100 %e4
- Setting
- Chinae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e3“The method was used to analyze 60 samples from the main wheat producing areas in China”
e4“Tenuzonic acid had the highest detection rate (100 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Tentoxin had a detection rate of 95% in the 60 wheat samples from China.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e3“The method was used to analyze 60 samples from the main wheat producing areas in China”
e4“Tenuzonic acid had the highest detection rate (100 %)”
e5“followed by Tentoxin (95 %), Alternariol (66.67 %), and Alternariol monomethyl ether (53.33 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternariol had a detection rate of 66.67% in the 60 wheat samples from China.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Alternariole5
- Outcome
- detection ratee4
- Value
- 66.67 %e5
- Setting
- Chinae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e3“The method was used to analyze 60 samples from the main wheat producing areas in China”
e4“Tenuzonic acid had the highest detection rate (100 %)”
e5“followed by Tentoxin (95 %), Alternariol (66.67 %), and Alternariol monomethyl ether (53.33 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Alternariol monomethyl ether had a detection rate of 53.33% in the 60 wheat samples from China.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Compound
- Alternariol monomethyl ethere5
- Outcome
- detection ratee4
- Value
- 53.33 %e5
- Setting
- Chinae3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e3“The method was used to analyze 60 samples from the main wheat producing areas in China”
e4“Tenuzonic acid had the highest detection rate (100 %)”
e5“followed by Tentoxin (95 %), Alternariol (66.67 %), and Alternariol monomethyl ether (53.33 %)”
Claim · model-written summary
Monitoring of Alternaria toxins in wheat should be strengthened because of the pollution risk.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- monitoringe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Alternaria toxins in wheat”
e6“There is a certain pollution risk that needs to be taken seriously and monitoring should be strengthened”