Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) significantly impact global wheat production. Strategies for managing PPN include developing tolerance/resistance varieties, crop rotation, and the use of nematicides. However, nematicides are highly toxic and have a non-target effect on the soil biota, emphasizing the need for safer alternatives and innovative approaches. This study investigated the suppressive effect of two nematode egg parasitic fungi, Polydomus karssenii (Ashrafi, Maciá-Vicente & Maier, 2023) and Niesslia gamsii (Ashrafi & Maier, 2017), on the penetration of the cereal cyst nematode (CCN) Heterodera filipjevi (Madzhidov, 1981) and the root lesion nematode (RLN) Pratylenchus thornei (Sher & Allen, 1953) into wheat roots. Two nematode-susceptible wheat cultivars, Bezostaya and Seri, were treated with P. karssenii and N. gamsii . Germinated seeds were dipped in a fungal suspension before being inoculated with the nematode species. Nematode penetration was evaluated at 48 h, 72 h, and 1 week after inoculation using acid fuchsin staining and microscopical examination. The results revealed that both fungal treatments reduced nematode penetration in both cultivars compared to untreated controls, with P. karssenii showing higher overall effectiveness. Polydomus karssenii reduced penetration of H. filipjevi by 91.9% and P. thornei by 85.9%, while N. gamsii reduced penetration of H. filipjevi by 76% and P. thornei by 67.3%. Additionally, fungal treatments delayed nematode penetration, no penetration was observed at 48 h in treated plants, while nematode penetration was observed in untreated plants during the same period. This study underscores the potential of P. karssenii and N. gamsii as sustainable biological agents against nematodes and emphasizes their role in integrated pest management strategies for wheat production. • Polydomus karssenii reduced nematode penetration by just over 90%. • Niesslia gamsii showed a 67-76% reduction in nematode penetration. • Both fungi delayed nematode penetration in wheat roots by 48 h. • First report of a dark septate endophyte ( Polydomus karssenii ) reducing/delaying penetration of plant parasitic nematodes.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
P. karssenii reduced H. filipjevi penetration by 91.9%.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Polydomus karsseniie0
- Interactor
- H. filipjeviHeterodera filipjevie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Polydomus karsseniiPolydomus karsseniie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- penetration of H. filipjevie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 91.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polydomus karssenii reduced penetration of H. filipjevi by 91.9%”
t0“in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
P. karssenii reduced P. thornei penetration by 85.9%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Polydomus karsseniie0
- Interactor
- P. thorneiPratylenchus thorneie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Polydomus karsseniiPolydomus karsseniie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- P. thorneie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 85.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Polydomus karssenii reduced penetration of H. filipjevi by 91.9% and P. thornei by 85.9%”
t0“in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
N. gamsii reduced H. filipjevi penetration by 76%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N. gamsiie0
- Interactor
- H. filipjeviHeterodera filipjevie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- N. gamsiiNiesslia gamsiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- penetration of H. filipjevie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 76%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N. gamsii reduced penetration of H. filipjevi by 76%”
t0“in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
N. gamsii reduced P. thornei penetration by 67.3%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- N. gamsiie0
- Interactor
- P. thorneiPratylenchus thorneie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- N. gamsiiNiesslia gamsiie0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- P. thorneie0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 67.3%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N. gamsii reduced penetration of H. filipjevi by 76% and P. thornei by 67.3%”
t0“in wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fungal treatment delayed wheat-root nematode penetration, with none seen at 48 hours in treated plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fungal treatmentse0
- Outcome
- nematode penetratione0
- Direction
- delayede0
- Value
- 48 he0
- Comparator
- untreated plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fungal treatments delayed nematode penetration, no penetration was observed at 48 h in treated plants, while nematode penetration was observed in untreated plants during the same period.”
t0“in wheat”