Abstract
I tested effects of amending soil with compost containing lignocellulosic substrates and biocontrol agents known to suppress soil-borne diseases (a parasitic fungus Trichoderma virens, a bacterium Bacillus subtilis, and a hypovirulent strain of the fungus Rhizoctonia solani) on the Colorado potato beetle and potato-colonizing aphids. Experiments were conducted on one conventional and one organic farm in northern Maine during 2007-09 growing seasons. At weekly intervals, thirty plants were selected at random and visually examined for pest insects. The numbers of Colorado potato beetle adults, small larvae (first and second instars), large larvae (third and fourth instars) and egg masses, as well as the number of potato aphids, green peach aphids, and buckthorn aphids were recorded. There were two trends over the length of the study. First, compost increased the numbers of adult Colorado potato beetles while negatively affecting the number of egg masses and larvae. For adult beetles, an increase on plants amended with compost due to redistribution is unlikely in a commercial setting when the entire field is amended with compost. Although the main goal of applying compost amendments is soil improvement, this demonstrates an additional benefit of its application. Aphids did not appear to be affected by compost applications. In contrast, T. virens increased populations of Colorado potato beetles and aphids. In greenhouse experiments we tested the survival and development of the Colorado potato beetle and potato-colonizing aphids on amended or non-amended plants. B. subtilis increased development time for Colorado potato beetle larvae when added to soilless potting media alone or with hypovirulent R. solani. Hypovirulent R. solani applied alone also increased development time and decreased survivorship in affected larvae, but only when applied at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pot. Our results support the presence of plant-mediated effects of soil amendments on the development of the Colorado potato beetle larvae. This should be taken into account when developing management plans for soil-borne disease.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Compost amendment increased the numbers of adult Colorado potato beetles on potato.
- Taxon
- Potatoes
Solanum tuberosumt0 - Treatment
- composte0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetle
Leptinotarsa decemlineatae0pest - Outcome
- numbers of adult Colorado potato beetlese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compost increased the numbers of adult Colorado potato beetles while negatively affecting the number of egg masses and larvae”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost amendment negatively affected the number of Colorado potato beetle egg masses and larvae on potato.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- composte0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae0pest
- Outcome
- number of egg masses and larvaee0
- Direction
- negatively affectinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compost increased the numbers of adult Colorado potato beetles while negatively affecting the number of egg masses and larvae”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Aphids on potato did not appear to be affected by compost applications.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- compost applicationse0
- Interactor
- AphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Outcome
- Aphidse0
- Direction
- did not appear to be affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aphids did not appear to be affected by compost applications”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma virens amendment increased populations of Colorado potato beetles on potato.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- T. virense0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetlesLeptinotarsa decemlineatae0pest
- Second interactor
- T. virensTrichoderma virense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- populations of Colorado potato beetlese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. virens increased populations of Colorado potato beetles and aphids”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma virens amendment increased populations of potato-colonizing aphids on potato.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- T. virense0
- Interactor
- aphidsAphidomorphae0pest
- Second interactor
- T. virensTrichoderma virense0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- populations of Colorado potato beetles and aphidse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T. virens increased populations of Colorado potato beetles and aphids”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
In greenhouse tests, Bacillus subtilis added to soilless potting media, alone or with hypovirulent R. solani, increased development time of Colorado potato beetle larvae.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- B. subtilise0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae0pest
- Second interactor
- B. subtilis
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- development time for Colorado potato beetle larvaee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- alone or with hypovirulent R. solanie0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B. subtilis increased development time for Colorado potato beetle larvae when added to soilless potting media alone or with hypovirulent R. solani”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypovirulent R. solani applied alone increased development time of affected larvae, but only at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pot.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Hypovirulent R. solani applied alonee0
- Outcome
- development timee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Qualifier
- only when applied at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pote0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hypovirulent R. solani applied alone also increased development time and decreased survivorship in affected larvae, but only when applied at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pot”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
Hypovirulent R. solani applied alone decreased survivorship of affected larvae, but only at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pot.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- Hypovirulent R. solani applied alonee0
- Outcome
- survivorship in affected larvaee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
- Qualifier
- only when applied at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pote0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Hypovirulent R. solani applied alone also increased development time and decreased survivorship in affected larvae, but only when applied at an intermediate rate of eight grams per pot”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude their results support plant-mediated effects of soil amendments on development of Colorado potato beetle larvae.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Treatment
- soil amendmentse0
- Interactor
- Colorado potato beetleLeptinotarsa decemlineatae0pest
- Outcome
- development of the Colorado potato beetle larvaee0
- Qualifier
- plant-mediated effectse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“plant-mediated effects of soil amendments on the development of the Colorado potato beetle larvae”
t0“Potatoes”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend that effects of soil amendments on pests be taken into account when developing management plans for soil-borne disease.
- Taxon
- PotatoesSolanum tuberosumt0
- Outcome
- management plans for soil-borne diseasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This should be taken into account when developing management plans for soil-borne disease”
t0“Potatoes”
The same questions in other papers
Rhizoctonia solani · pest · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · Leptinotarsa decemlineata · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
fertilization · Aphidomorpha · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
fertilization · Leptinotarsa decemlineata · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.