Abstract
Grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs), especially Esca and Botryosphaeria dieback, cause mortality and production decline in vineyards worldwide. As they are thought to be complex diseases, unravelling the different factors that determine symptom expression is crucial in mitigating the impact on growers. While cultivar, climate, age, and pruning system are known contributors, they do not fully explain the variability in GTD incidence. This study investigates the role of grapevine vigour as a determinant factor in GTD foliar symptom expression. Three vineyard networks were monitored in 2022 and 2023, each consisting of approximately 30 commercial vineyard plots of Grenache noir, uniform in age. To minimise climate variation, the selected vineyards were located within small geographical areas. We evaluated grapevine vigour and its primary drivers including water and nitrogen status, weed cover, production, and vegetation biomass—and correlated them with GTD incidence over the two seasons. Results show that current season vigour is positively correlated with the GTD incidence rate in most of the network*year scenarios. The relationship shape suggests that, while low to moderate vigour is consistently associated with reduced symptom expression, high vigour can be correlated with either high or low expression which implies the involvement of additional factors. In one instance, previous year water stress indicators were the ones most correlated with current year GTD incidence, though vigour was also influential. For the plots where GTD expression was greatest, the previous year’s water stress was combined with the current year’s substantial spring vigour. While these results need to be confirmed over a longer period, in more regions and with other cultivars, they open new perspectives of applications for growers. As correlation with vigour is recurrent but not exclusive, it suggests a wider implication of grapevine physiology.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Current-season vigour was positively correlated with GTD incidence in most network-year scenarios.
- Outcome
- GTD incidence ratee0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
- Qualifier
- most of the network*year scenariose0
VitisNot reportedMaterialOrgan / stage
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“current season vigour is positively correlated with the GTD incidence rate in most of the network*year scenarios”
t0“Grapevine vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Low to moderate vigour was associated with reduced symptom expression.
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“low to moderate vigour is consistently associated with reduced symptom expression”
t0“Grapevine vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
High vigour was correlated with either high or low symptom expression.
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“high vigour can be correlated with either high or low expression”
t0“Grapevine vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Previous-year water stress indicators were most correlated with current-year GTD incidence in one instance.
- Outcome
- current year GTD incidencee0
- Direction
- most correlatede0
- Qualifier
- previous year water stress indicatorse0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“previous year water stress indicators were the ones most correlated with current year GTD incidence”
t0“Grapevine vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
Vigour was also influential in that instance.
Not reportedSettingDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“though vigour was also influential”
t0“Grapevine vigour”
Claim · model-written summary
The greatest GTD expression occurred with previous-year water stress and substantial spring vigour.
- Outcome
- GTD expressione0
- Direction
- greateste0
- Qualifier
- previous year’s water stress was combined with the current year’s substantial spring vigoure0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GTD expression was greatest, the previous year’s water stress was combined with the current year’s substantial spring vigour”
t0“Grapevine vigour”