Abstract
• Research on oak-hornbeam forests reveals new pools of indicator species. • Stellario-Carpinetum is distinguished by a large group of mosses. • Other oak-hornbeam phytocenoses by high percentage of common forest species. • The current status of oak-hornbeam forests in Poland is changing. • Mosses can be highly valuable for phytosociological studies. The following oak-hornbeam plant associations have been described from Poland: Tilio - Carpinetum (TC), Galio-Carpinetum (GC) and Stellario - Carpinetum (SC). Our findings indicate that all are distinguished by a relatively high percentage of common forest species, particularly the first two. The study is the first to identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC; Ajuga reptans , Dryopteris filix-mas , Equisetum pratense , Frangula alnus , Galium odoratum , Hepatica nobilis , Luzula pilosa , Maianthemum bifolium , Milium effusum , Plagiomnium affine , Pulmonaria obscura for TC, and Asarum europaeum , Anemone ranunculoides , Corylus avellana , Galeobdolon luteum , Geum urbanum , Mercurialis perennis , Stellaria holostea and Ulmus laevis for GC. However, for Stellario-Carpinetum , our findings indicate a large pool of bryophytes that have never been considered as bioindicators. Additionally, our research indicates that while the main species composition gradient of broad-leaved forests is related to soil moisture, temperature also plays a significant role in creating a Stellario-Carpinetum – Tilio - Carpinetum gradient. The current status of oak-hornbeam forests in Poland is intriguing; our research indicates that supplementing vascular plants with bryophytes in research could change the traditional syntaxonomy of oak-hornbeam forests in Central Europe.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Stellario-Carpinetum is distinguished by a large group of mosses.
- Outcome
- large group of mossese4
Verbatim
e4“Stellario-Carpinetum is distinguished by a large group of mosses”
Claim · model-written summary
All three oak-hornbeam associations have a relatively high percentage of common forest species, particularly Tilio-Carpinetum and Galio-Carpinetum.
Verbatim
e5“all are distinguished by a relatively high percentage of common forest species, particularly the first two”
Claim · model-written summary
Brachythecium velutinum, Cirriphyllum piliferum and Lepidozia reptans are indicator species for Stellario-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans
Lepidozia reptans_0052.JPG?width=60)
Brachytheciastrum velutinum_IMG_0879.JPG?width=60)
Cirriphyllum piliferume1 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_0052.JPG?width=500)
_IMG_0879.JPG?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
Claim · model-written summary
Mnium hornum, Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum are indicator species for Stellario-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum
Brachypodium sylvaticum_1959.jpg?width=60)
Mnium hornum
Plagiomnium undulatume1 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_1959.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
Claim · model-written summary
Ajuga reptans, Dryopteris filix-mas and Equisetum pratense are indicator species for Tilio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Ajuga reptans , Dryopteris filix-mas , Equisetum pratense
Dryopteris filix-mas_Ajuga_reptans_-plant_habit.jpg?width=60)
Ajuga reptans
Equisetum pratensee2 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Ajuga_reptans_-plant_habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e2“Ajuga reptans , Dryopteris filix-mas , Equisetum pratense , Frangula alnus , Galium odoratum , Hepatica nobilis , Luzula pilosa , Maianthemum bifolium , Milium effusum , Plagiomnium affine , Pulmonaria obscura for TC”
Claim · model-written summary
Frangula alnus, Galium odoratum and Hepatica nobilis are indicator species for Tilio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Frangula alnus , Galium odoratum , Hepatica nobilis
Galium odoratum
Frangula alnus.jpg?width=60)
Hepatica nobilise2 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e2“Ajuga reptans , Dryopteris filix-mas , Equisetum pratense , Frangula alnus , Galium odoratum , Hepatica nobilis , Luzula pilosa , Maianthemum bifolium , Milium effusum , Plagiomnium affine , Pulmonaria obscura for TC”
Claim · model-written summary
Luzula pilosa, Maianthemum bifolium and Milium effusum are indicator species for Tilio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Luzula pilosa , Maianthemum bifolium , Milium effusum
Maianthemum bifolium
Luzula pilosa
Milium effusume2 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e2“Ajuga reptans , Dryopteris filix-mas , Equisetum pratense , Frangula alnus , Galium odoratum , Hepatica nobilis , Luzula pilosa , Maianthemum bifolium , Milium effusum , Plagiomnium affine , Pulmonaria obscura for TC”
Claim · model-written summary
Plagiomnium affine and Pulmonaria obscura are indicator species for Tilio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Plagiomnium affine , Pulmonaria obscura
Plagiomnium affine
Pulmonaria obscurae2 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e2“Ajuga reptans , Dryopteris filix-mas , Equisetum pratense , Frangula alnus , Galium odoratum , Hepatica nobilis , Luzula pilosa , Maianthemum bifolium , Milium effusum , Plagiomnium affine , Pulmonaria obscura for TC”
Claim · model-written summary
Asarum europaeum, Anemone ranunculoides and Corylus avellana are indicator species for Galio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Asarum europaeum , Anemone ranunculoides , Corylus avellana
Corylus avellana
Asarum europaeum
Anemone ranunculoidese3 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e3“Asarum europaeum , Anemone ranunculoides , Corylus avellana , Galeobdolon luteum , Geum urbanum , Mercurialis perennis , Stellaria holostea and Ulmus laevis for GC”
Claim · model-written summary
Galeobdolon luteum, Geum urbanum and Mercurialis perennis are indicator species for Galio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Galeobdolon luteum , Geum urbanum , Mercurialis perennis
Mercurialis perennis
Lamium galeobdolon_Geum_urbanum_-_Habit.jpg?width=60)
Geum urbanume3 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Geum_urbanum_-_Habit.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e3“Asarum europaeum , Anemone ranunculoides , Corylus avellana , Galeobdolon luteum , Geum urbanum , Mercurialis perennis , Stellaria holostea and Ulmus laevis for GC”
Claim · model-written summary
Stellaria holostea and Ulmus laevis are indicator species for Galio-Carpinetum.
- Taxon
- Stellaria holostea and Ulmus laevis
Ulmus laevis
Rabelera holosteae3 - Outcome
- indicator speciese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“identify the following species as indicator species, based on SOM analysis and IndVal index: e.g. Brachythecium velutinum , Cirriphyllum piliferum , Lepidozia reptans , Mnium hornum , Plagiomnium undulatum and Brachypodium sylvaticum for SC”
e3“Asarum europaeum , Anemone ranunculoides , Corylus avellana , Galeobdolon luteum , Geum urbanum , Mercurialis perennis , Stellaria holostea and Ulmus laevis for GC”
Claim · model-written summary
Stellario-Carpinetum has a large pool of bryophytes that have never been considered as bioindicators.
Verbatim
e6“our findings indicate a large pool of bryophytes that have never been considered as bioindicators”
Claim · model-written summary
The main species composition gradient of broad-leaved forests is related to soil moisture.
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e7“the main species composition gradient of broad-leaved forests is related to soil moisture, temperature also plays a significant role in creating a Stellario-Carpinetum – Tilio - Carpinetum gradient”
Claim · model-written summary
Temperature plays a significant role in creating the Stellario-Carpinetum – Tilio-Carpinetum gradient.
- Taxon
- broad-leaved forestse7
- Treatment
- temperaturee7
- Outcome
- Stellario-Carpinetum – Tilio - Carpinetum gradiente7
Not reportedDirection
Verbatim
e7“the main species composition gradient of broad-leaved forests is related to soil moisture, temperature also plays a significant role in creating a Stellario-Carpinetum – Tilio - Carpinetum gradient”
Claim · model-written summary
Supplementing vascular plants with bryophytes in research could change the traditional syntaxonomy of oak-hornbeam forests in Central Europe.
- Taxon
- vascular plantsTracheophytae0
- Outcome
- traditional syntaxonomy of oak-hornbeam forestse0
Verbatim
e0“supplementing vascular plants with bryophytes in research could change the traditional syntaxonomy of oak-hornbeam forests in Central Europe”