Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala, yet it is highly susceptible to infestations by various mealybugspecies that significantly impact yield. This study aimed to survey and assess the abundance of mealybug species infestingcassava in key growing regions of Kerala. Field surveys were conducted from 2023 to 2024 across multiple locations,identifying Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero, 1977 and Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink,1992 as dominant species. This study assesses the distribution and abundance of mealybug species affecting cassava inKerala. Ph. manihoti was most abundant in Vellanikkara, Kaprassery, and Krishnapuram, while P. marginatus was dominantin Ponniam, Elanthoor, and Idukki, with particularly high infestations in Idukki (95.34%) and Kasargod (90.90%).Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, 1996 and Ferrisia virgata Cockerell, 1893were found at lower levels,with minimal impact on cassava. Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 was detected only in Thrissur. The findingshighlight Ph. manihoti and P. marginatus as the primary pests, necessitating focused pest management in affected regions.The results emphasize the need for effective monitoring and management strategies to mitigate mealybug damage andensure sustainable cassava yields in the region.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Phenacoccus manihoti and Paracoccus marginatus were identified as dominant mealybug species infesting cassava in Kerala.
- Taxon
- Cassava
Manihot esculentae0 - Interactor
- Phenacoccus manihoti
_dan_semut_merah_(Solenopsis)_pada_batang_daun_Pepaya_(Carica_Papaya_L).jpg?width=60)
Phenacoccus manihotie1pest - Second interactor
- Paracoccus marginatus
Paracoccus marginatuse1pest - Outcome
- dominant speciese1
- Setting
- Keralae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_dan_semut_merah_(Solenopsis)_pada_batang_daun_Pepaya_(Carica_Papaya_L).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e1“identifying Phenacoccus manihoti Matile-Ferrero, 1977 and Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink,1992 as dominant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenacoccus manihoti was most abundant on cassava in Vellanikkara, Kaprassery and Krishnapuram.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- Ph. manihotie2pest
- Outcome
- most abundante2
- Setting
- Vellanikkara, Kaprassery, and Krishnapurame2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e2“Ph. manihoti was most abundant in Vellanikkara, Kaprassery, and Krishnapuram”
Claim · model-written summary
Paracoccus marginatus was dominant on cassava in Ponniam, Elanthoor and Idukki.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- P. marginatusParacoccus marginatuse3pest
- Outcome
- dominante3
- Setting
- Ponniam, Elanthoor, and Idukkie3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e3“P. marginatus was dominantin Ponniam, Elanthoor, and Idukki”
Claim · model-written summary
Infestation by P. marginatus on cassava was particularly high in Idukki, at 95.34%.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- P. marginatusParacoccus marginatuse3pest
- Outcome
- infestationse4
- Value
- 95.34%e4
- Setting
- Idukkie4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e3“P. marginatus was dominantin Ponniam, Elanthoor, and Idukki”
e4“particularly high infestations in Idukki (95.34%) and Kasargod (90.90%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Infestation by P. marginatus on cassava was particularly high in Kasargod, at 90.90%.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- P. marginatusParacoccus marginatuse3pest
- Outcome
- infestationse4
- Value
- 90.90%e4
- Setting
- Kasargode4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e3“P. marginatus was dominantin Ponniam, Elanthoor, and Idukki”
e4“particularly high infestations in Idukki (95.34%) and Kasargod (90.90%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi and Ferrisia virgata were found on cassava at lower levels, with minimal impact.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi
Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyie5pest - Second interactor
- Ferrisia virgata
Ferrisia virgatae5pest - Outcome
- lower levelse5
- Qualifier
- minimal impact on cassavae5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e5“Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, 1996 and Ferrisia virgata Cockerell, 1893were found at lower levels,with minimal impact on cassava”
Claim · model-written summary
Phenacoccus solenopsis was detected on cassava only in Thrissur.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- Phenacoccus solenopsis
Phenacoccus solenopsise6pest - Outcome
- detectede6
- Setting
- Thrissure6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e6“Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, 1898 was detected only in Thrissur”
Claim · model-written summary
Focused pest management is needed in the affected cassava regions, where Ph. manihoti and P. marginatus are the primary pests.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Interactor
- Ph. manihotie7pest
- Second interactor
- P. marginatusParacoccus marginatuse7pest
- Outcome
- focused pest managemente7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e7“highlight Ph. manihoti and P. marginatus as the primary pests, necessitating focused pest management in affected regions. The results emphasize the need for effective monitoring and management strategies to mitigate mealybug damage”
Claim · model-written summary
Effective monitoring and management strategies are needed to mitigate mealybug damage and sustain cassava yields in Kerala.
- Taxon
- CassavaManihot esculentae0
- Outcome
- effective monitoring and management strategiese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Cassava (Manihot esculenta) is an important crop in Kerala”
e7“highlight Ph. manihoti and P. marginatus as the primary pests, necessitating focused pest management in affected regions. The results emphasize the need for effective monitoring and management strategies to mitigate mealybug damage”