Abstract
Exotic invasive plant species (EIP) threaten ecosystem diversity and stability through competition for abiotic resources with native plant species. They can also compete for pollinators, as native floral visitors can incorporate EIP floral resources (i.e. pollen and nectar) in their diets, potentially shifting their foraging behaviour away from the native flora. To decipher how EIP attract native floral visitors and the potential competition between EIP and native plants for pollinators, we focused on five major exotic invasive plant species in Europe: Buddleja davidii , Impatiens glandulifera , Reynoutria japonica , Robinia pseudoacacia and Senecio inaequidens . We recorded in 16 sites in Belgium: 1) EIP floral visitors, 2) EIP pollen carried by these visitors and 3) pollen from native plant species on these visitors. We showed that bees were the dominant visitors and pollen vectors for Impatiens glandulifera , Robinia pseudoacacia and Buddleja davidii ; hoverflies were the primary visitors for Senecio inaequidens ; and non‐hoverfly flies, alongside bees, were the most frequent visitors for Reynoutria japonica. Senecio inaequidens exhibited the highest species richness of floral visitors, species richness of pollen vectors, and shared interactions with native plant species. Impatiens glandulifera exhibited the highest pollen transfer efficiency, with nearly 90% of its floral visitors carrying its pollen. While floral visitors of the other four studied species also interacted with numerous native plants, those of I. glandulifera carried its pollen almost exclusively, potentially substituting native species. These findings highlight how widely introduced exotic invasive plant species can integrate native pollinator networks to the point of disconnecting local pollinators from their original resources.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Bees dominated floral visitation and pollen transport for Impatiens glandulifera.
- Taxon
- Impatiens glandulifera
Impatiens glanduliferae0 - Interactor
- beesAnthophilae0pollinator
- Outcome
- dominant visitors and pollen vectorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bees were the dominant visitors and pollen vectors for Impatiens glandulifera , Robinia pseudoacacia and Buddleja davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
Bees dominated floral visitation and pollen transport for Robinia pseudoacacia.
- Taxon
- Robinia pseudoacacia
Robinia pseudoacaciae0 - Interactor
- beesAnthophilae0pollinator
- Outcome
- dominant visitors and pollen vectorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bees were the dominant visitors and pollen vectors for Impatiens glandulifera , Robinia pseudoacacia and Buddleja davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
Bees dominated floral visitation and pollen transport for Buddleja davidii.
- Taxon
- Buddleja davidii
Buddleja davidiie0 - Interactor
- beesAnthophilae0pollinator
- Outcome
- dominant visitors and pollen vectorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“bees were the dominant visitors and pollen vectors for Impatiens glandulifera , Robinia pseudoacacia and Buddleja davidii”
Claim · model-written summary
Hoverflies were the primary visitors to Senecio inaequidens.
- Taxon
- Senecio inaequidens
Senecio inaequidense0 - Outcome
- primary visitorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hoverflies were the primary visitors for Senecio inaequidens”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-hoverfly flies were among the most frequent Reynoutria japonica visitors.
- Taxon
- Reynoutria japonica
Reynoutria japonicae0 - Interactor
- non‐hoverfly fliese0pollinator
- Outcome
- most frequent visitorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“non‐hoverfly flies, alongside bees, were the most frequent visitors for Reynoutria japonica”
Claim · model-written summary
Bees were among the most frequent Reynoutria japonica visitors.
- Taxon
- Reynoutria japonicaReynoutria japonicae0
- Interactor
- beesAnthophilae0pollinator
- Outcome
- most frequent visitorse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“non‐hoverfly flies, alongside bees, were the most frequent visitors for Reynoutria japonica”
Claim · model-written summary
Senecio inaequidens had the highest species richness of floral visitors, pollen vectors, and shared native-plant interactions.
- Taxon
- Senecio inaequidensSenecio inaequidense0
- Outcome
- highest species richness of floral visitors, species richness of pollen vectors, and shared interactions with native plant speciese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Senecio inaequidens exhibited the highest species richness of floral visitors, species richness of pollen vectors, and shared interactions with native plant species”
Claim · model-written summary
Impatiens glandulifera had the highest pollen transfer efficiency; nearly 90% of its visitors carried its pollen.
- Taxon
- Impatiens glanduliferaImpatiens glanduliferae0
- Outcome
- highest pollen transfer efficiencye0
- Value
- nearly 90%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Impatiens glandulifera exhibited the highest pollen transfer efficiency, with nearly 90% of its floral visitors carrying its pollen”
Claim · model-written summary
Visitors to the other four invasive species also interacted with numerous native plants.
Verbatim
e0“floral visitors of the other four studied species also interacted with numerous native plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Visitors to I. glandulifera carried its pollen almost exclusively.
- Taxon
- I. glanduliferaImpatiens glanduliferae0
- Outcome
- carried its pollen almost exclusivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“those of I. glandulifera carried its pollen almost exclusively”