Abstract
Rice Yellow Mottle Virus (RYMV) is spread in the field by insect vectors and weeds. The study contributes to the fight against the spread of the virus. It consisted in collecting and characterizing the weeds present in and around the rice fields and then carrying out a survey followed by field visits to 81 farmers in the target areas. In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried. They belong to Grass family (28 species), Cyperaceae family (10 species) and 21 other broad-leaved herbaceous families (37 species). Among these weeds, Rotala indica, Cyperus spp and Echinochloa spp are the most widely recognized, frequent and damaging to rice, while most growers are less familiar with Oryza barthii, Leersia Oryzoides and Nymphea tetragonal. In terms of biological characteristics, twelve (12) weed species were found to be potential host-reservoirs for RYMV. They mainly belong to Grass (7 species) and Cyperaceae (5 species) families. The Grass species are Echinochloa colona, Cynodon dactylon, Echinochloa crus-galii, Leersia hexandra, Leersia oryzoides, Panicum repens and Paspalum scorbilatum when Cyperaceae’s especies include Cyperus difformis, Cyperus esculentus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus distans and Pycrerus lanceolatus. The frequency of RYMV weed hosts-reservoirs varies from family and plot. Grasses (58.33%) predominate over Cyperaceae (41.67%). Cynedon dactylon is the most widespread species, followed by Echinochloa colona which is more difficult to control. Among the Cyperaceae, Cyperus difformis is the most common weed and the most difficult to control. Based on farmers weed control, weeding and/or the application of synthetic herbicides have proved more effective. These results would help to control RYMV and it’s spread in African rice-growing ecologies.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Seventy-five weed species of rice were inventoried in irrigated rice fields of Niger.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
t0“irrigated rice fields of Niger”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass family accounted for 28 of the weed species inventoried in rice fields.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e2“They belong to Grass family (28 species), Cyperaceae family (10 species) and 21 other broad-leaved herbaceous families (37 species)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperaceae accounted for 10 of the weed species inventoried in rice fields.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e2“They belong to Grass family (28 species), Cyperaceae family (10 species) and 21 other broad-leaved herbaceous families (37 species)”
Claim · model-written summary
21 other broad-leaved herbaceous families accounted for 37 of the weed species inventoried in rice fields.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e2“They belong to Grass family (28 species), Cyperaceae family (10 species) and 21 other broad-leaved herbaceous families (37 species)”
Claim · model-written summary
Twelve weed species were found to be potential host-reservoirs for Rice Yellow Mottle Virus.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e3“twelve (12) weed species were found to be potential host-reservoirs for RYMV”
t0“irrigated rice fields of Niger”
Claim · model-written summary
Grass weed species made up 58.33% of the RYMV weed host-reservoirs, predominating over Cyperaceae.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e3“twelve (12) weed species were found to be potential host-reservoirs for RYMV”
e4“Grasses (58.33%) predominate over Cyperaceae (41.67%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperaceae made up 41.67% of the RYMV weed host-reservoirs.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e3“twelve (12) weed species were found to be potential host-reservoirs for RYMV”
e4“Grasses (58.33%) predominate over Cyperaceae (41.67%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Cynodon dactylon is the most widespread weed species in the surveyed rice fields.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e5“Cynedon dactylon is the most widespread species”
Claim · model-written summary
Cyperus difformis is the most common weed and the most difficult to control among the Cyperaceae.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e6“Cyperus difformis is the most common weed and the most difficult to control”
Claim · model-written summary
Weeding and synthetic herbicide application were reported by farmers as more effective weed control.
- Taxon
- rice weedse1
- Treatment
- weeding and/or the application of synthetic herbicidese7
- Outcome
- weed controle7
- Direction
- more effectivee7
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e7“Based on farmers weed control, weeding and/or the application of synthetic herbicides have proved more effective”
Claim · model-written summary
Rotala indica, Cyperus spp and Echinochloa spp were the most widely recognized, frequent and damaging weeds of rice.
Verbatim
e1“In total, seventy-five (75) species of rice weeds were inventoried”
e2“Rotala indica, Cyperus spp and Echinochloa spp are the most widely recognized, frequent and damaging to rice”