Paper · 2025 · International Journal of Research in Agronomy

Synergistic effect of inorganic fertilizer, organic manure and biofertilizer on the performance of moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)

Sukhraj Singh; Varinder Singh; Baljinder Singh

13
claims
25
verbatim quotes
0
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Moongbean is a major pulse crop in India valued for its high nutritional content and ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen. However, its average yield remains low due to imbalanced nutrient management. This research was conducted during Kharif 2024 at Guru Kashi University, Bathinda (Punjab) to evaluate the synergistic effects of organic manure, inorganic and biofertilizers on growth and yield of moongbean (Vigna radiata L.). The experiment comprised eight treatments laid out in a Randomized Block Design with three replications. Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40). Thus, Rhizobium inoculation combined with FYM and 100% RDF emerged as the most effective strategy for boosting moongbean productivity.

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Claims 13

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest plant height (67.3 cm).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
plant heighte0
Direction
higheste0
Value
67.3 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest branches plant-1 (5.70).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
branches plant-1e0
Direction
higheste0
Value
5.70e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
dry matter accumulatione0
Direction
higheste0
Value
71.2 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
pods plant-1e0
Direction
maximume0
Value
45.88e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the maximum seeds pod-1 (13.9).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
seeds pod-1e0
Direction
maximume0
Value
13.9e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the maximum pod length (9.61 cm).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
pod lengthe0
Direction
maximume0
Value
9.61 cme0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the maximum 1000-grain weight (39.20 g).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
1000-grain weighte0
Direction
maximume0
Value
39.20 ge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
10.73 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest stover yield (32.07 q ha-1).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
stover yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
32.07 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest biological yield (42.50 q ha-1).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
biological yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
42.50 q ha-1e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the highest harvest index (24.51%).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
harvest indexe0
Direction
higheste0
Value
24.51%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF gave the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).

Taxon
moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)Vigna radiatat0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
benefit-cost ratioe0
Direction
beste0
Value
2.40e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Vigna radiata
Vigna radiata · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗
Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Results showed that plants treated with Rhizobium inoculation + FYM (5 t ha-1) + 100% RDF achieved the highest plant height (67.3 cm), branches plant-1 (5.70), and dry matter accumulation (71.2 q ha-1). This treatment also recorded the maximum pods plant-1 (45.88), seeds pod-1 (13.9), pod length (9.61 cm), and 1000-grain weight (39.20 g). It yielded the highest grain yield (10.73 q ha-1), stover yield (32.07 q ha-1), biological yield (42.50 q ha-1), harvest index (24.51%), and the best benefit-cost ratio (2.40).”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 533–1050 · show in text ↑
t0

“moong bean (Vigna radiata L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 99–128 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors identify Rhizobium inoculation with FYM and full RDF as the most effective strategy to increase moongbean productivity.

Taxon
moongbeane0
Treatment
Rhizobium inoculation combined with FYM and 100% RDFe0
Interactor
RhizobiumRhizobiume0symbiont
Outcome
most effective strategy for boosting moongbean productivitye0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Rhizobium
Rhizobium · Interactor · picture of the genus (one of its species)Ninjatacoshell · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Rhizobium inoculation combined with FYM and 100% RDF emerged as the most effective strategy for boosting moongbean productivity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1057–1184 · show in text ↑

Rhizobium · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results differ

123 papers: 121 positive, 2 negative or no effect

120 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

119 papers more in this group

See all 123 papers →

Rhizobium · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Results agree

53 papers: 53 positive, 0 negative or no effect

52 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

49 papers more in this group

See all 53 papers →

inoculation · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

126 papers: 118 positive, 8 negative or no effect

117 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

122 papers more in this group

See all 126 papers →

fertilization · growth · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

145 papers: 140 positive, 5 negative or no effect

139 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

141 papers more in this group

See all 145 papers →

inoculation · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

184 papers: 179 positive, 5 negative or no effect

178 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

180 papers more in this group

See all 184 papers →

fertilization · yield · Vigna radiata (mung bean)Positive and negative results

375 papers: 364 positive, 11 negative or no effect

363 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

371 papers more in this group

See all 375 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.