Abstract
ABSTRACT Herbivore grazing plays a crucial role in grassland ecosystems, yet its comprehensive impact on plant and soil nematode diversity in desert steppe remains unclear. We assessed the impact of different grazing intensities (CK: no grazing, LG: light grazing, MG: moderate grazing, HG: heavy grazing, EG: extreme heavy grazing) on plant and soil nematode diversity in desert steppe. In the HG treatment, the diversity of plants and nematodes was the lowest and significantly lower than that in the CK treatment. Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively ( p < 0.05). Simultaneously, the diversity indices of soil nematodes under HG also decreased significantly, being 22.2%, 40.3%, 50.9%, and 47.1% lower than those of CK, respectively. Linear and non‐linear correlation analyses demonstrated a significant positive correlation between plant diversity and nematode diversity, indicating a synergistic relationship between plant communities and soil nematode communities. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that Cleistogenes songorica (Roshev.) Ohwi and Stipa breviflora Griseb. were significantly positively correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchus ( p < 0.05), while Convolvulus ammannii Desr. was significantly positively correlated with the genus Acrobeloides ( p < 0.05). These results indicated that certain specific plant species exert significant regulatory effects on specific soil nematode species. Overall, heavy grazing is detrimental to the sustainable development of grasslands. Therefore, in light of previous research in this field, maintaining grazing intensity below the level of heavy grazing (LG or MG) is the most appropriate grassland management strategy.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy grazing decreased the plant community Sobs index significantly by 23.78% compared with no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy grazing decreased the plant community Shannon-Wiener index significantly by 37.97% compared with no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy grazing decreased the plant community Inverse Simpson index significantly by 47.43% compared with no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Heavy grazing decreased the plant community Heip index significantly by 41.51% compared with no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heavy grazing the soil nematode Sobs index was 22.2% lower than under no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
e1“the diversity indices of soil nematodes under HG also decreased significantly, being 22.2%, 40.3%, 50.9%, and 47.1% lower than those of CK, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heavy grazing the soil nematode Shannon-Wiener index was 40.3% lower than under no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
e1“the diversity indices of soil nematodes under HG also decreased significantly, being 22.2%, 40.3%, 50.9%, and 47.1% lower than those of CK, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heavy grazing the soil nematode Inverse Simpson index was 50.9% lower than under no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
e1“the diversity indices of soil nematodes under HG also decreased significantly, being 22.2%, 40.3%, 50.9%, and 47.1% lower than those of CK, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Under heavy grazing the soil nematode Heip index was 47.1% lower than under no grazing.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the Sobs, Shannon‐Wiener, Inverse Simpson index, and Heip index of the plant community under HG decreased significantly by 23.78%, 37.97%, 47.43%, and 41.51%, respectively”
e1“the diversity indices of soil nematodes under HG also decreased significantly, being 22.2%, 40.3%, 50.9%, and 47.1% lower than those of CK, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Plant diversity and nematode diversity were significantly positively correlated.
Not reportedInteractor role
Verbatim
e0“Linear and non‐linear correlation analyses demonstrated a significant positive correlation between plant diversity and nematode diversity”
Claim · model-written summary
Cleistogenes songorica was significantly positively correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchus.
- Taxon
- Cleistogenes songorica (Roshev.) OhwiCleistogenes songoricae0
- Interactor
- ParatylenchusParatylenchuse0herbivore
- Outcome
- correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchuse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Verbatim
e0“Cleistogenes songorica (Roshev.) Ohwi and Stipa breviflora Griseb. were significantly positively correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchus”
Claim · model-written summary
Stipa breviflora was significantly positively correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchus.
- Taxon
- Stipa breviflora Griseb.Stipa breviflorae0
- Interactor
- ParatylenchusParatylenchuse0herbivore
- Outcome
- correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchuse0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Verbatim
e0“Cleistogenes songorica (Roshev.) Ohwi and Stipa breviflora Griseb. were significantly positively correlated with the herbivorous nematode genus Paratylenchus”
Claim · model-written summary
Convolvulus ammannii was significantly positively correlated with the nematode genus Acrobeloides.
- Taxon
- Convolvulus ammannii Desr.
Convolvulus ammanniie0 - Interactor
- AcrobeloidesAcrobeloidese0
- Outcome
- correlated with the genus Acrobeloidese0
- Direction
- positively correlatede0
Not reportedInteractor role
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Convolvulus ammannii Desr. was significantly positively correlated with the genus Acrobeloides”
Claim · model-written summary
Grazing intensity should be kept below heavy grazing (light or moderate grazing) as the most appropriate grassland management strategy.
- Outcome
- maintaining grazing intensity below the level of heavy grazinge0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“maintaining grazing intensity below the level of heavy grazing (LG or MG) is the most appropriate grassland management strategy”