Abstract
Bemisia tabaci MEAM1 is a significant pest in soybean crops, posing a challenge for control and requiring novel strategies within Integrated Pest Management (IPM). This study evaluated the host-searching behavior of the parasitoid Encarsia sp. in response to volatiles emitted by soybean cultivars infested with B. tabaci. Using a Y-shaped olfactometer, we tested the cultivars BRASMAX BÔNUS IPRO® (susceptible) and M 8808 IPRO® (resistant by antixenosis), assessing the parasitoid's response to the emitted volatiles. Additionally, we conducted behavioral bioassays to evaluate Encarsia sp. exploration on leaf disks of the infested cultivars. The results showed that the parasitoid spent more time in the central region of the olfactometer, with no clear preference between cultivars. However, in the foraging bioassays, Encarsia sp. explored the susceptible cultivar more actively, demonstrating a higher frequency of interactions such as antennation and attack on nymphs. The resistant cultivar exhibited lower behavioral diversity, suggesting reduced chemical or physical stimulation for the parasitoid. These findings indicate that the intrinsic characteristics of soybean cultivars can enhance the effectiveness of biological control and constitute a key factor in IPM strategies aimed at optimizing parasitoid performance in whitefly control.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Encarsia spent more time in the olfactometer center and showed no clear cultivar preference.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Outcome
- no clear preference between cultivarse0
EncarsiaNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results showed that the parasitoid spent more time in the central region of the olfactometer, with no clear preference between cultivars.”
t0“Soybean Cultivar Resistance on the Foraging Behavior of Encarsia sp.”
Claim · model-written summary
Encarsia explored the susceptible soybean cultivar more actively, with more antennation and nymph attacks.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- susceptible cultivare0
- Outcome
- antennation and attack on nymphse0
- Direction
- highere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Encarsia sp. explored the susceptible cultivar more actively, demonstrating a higher frequency of interactions such as antennation and attack on nymphs.”
t0“Soybean Cultivar Resistance”
Claim · model-written summary
The resistant cultivar had lower parasitoid behavioral diversity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Material
- resistant cultivare0
- Outcome
- behavioral diversitye0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- suggesting reduced chemical or physical stimulatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The resistant cultivar exhibited lower behavioral diversity, suggesting reduced chemical or physical stimulation for the parasitoid.”
t0“Soybean Cultivar Resistance on the Foraging Behavior of Encarsia sp.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that cultivar traits can enhance biological control and inform whitefly IPM.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Interactor
- whiteflye0pest
- Outcome
- IPM strategies aimed at optimizing parasitoid performance in whitefly controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These findings indicate that the intrinsic characteristics of soybean cultivars can enhance the effectiveness of biological control and constitute a key factor in IPM strategies aimed at optimizing parasitoid performance in whitefly control.”