Paper · 2025 · Ecology and Evolution

A New Hexaploid Species of Isoetes (Isoetaceae) From Fujian, China, Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence

Moran Wang; Hui Shang; Wen Shao; et al.

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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

ABSTRACT A new endemic species of Isoetes from Fujian, China, which was previously identified as I. orientalis , is described and illustrated. In this study, we observed its leaf cross‐cut characteristics under a microscope and spore morphology characteristics under a scanning electron microscope, counted its chromosome number, and compared population genetic differences between this hexaploid and I. orientalis based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) extracted from whole‐genome resequencing data. We found that this hexaploid differs from I. orientalis in both leaf morphology and spore ornamentation, and that the two also exhibit significant differences in population genetics. Based on this comprehensive evidence, we identified the hexaploid as a new species and named it I. fokiensis . Here, we formally describe this hexaploid species and provide an identification key to the Isoetes species reported from China.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 4

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Fujian hexaploid differed from I. orientalis in leaf morphology.

Taxon
I. orientalisIsoetes orientalise0
Organ / stage
leafe0
Outcome
leaf morphologye0
Comparator
I. orientalise0

Verbatim

e0

“this hexaploid differs from I. orientalis in both leaf morphology and spore ornamentation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 524–613 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The Fujian hexaploid differed from I. orientalis in spore ornamentation.

Taxon
I. orientalisIsoetes orientalise0
Organ / stage
sporee0
Outcome
spore ornamentatione0
Comparator
I. orientalise0

Verbatim

e0

“this hexaploid differs from I. orientalis in both leaf morphology and spore ornamentation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 524–613 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

The two Isoetes taxa differed significantly in population genetics.

Taxon
IsoetesIsoetest0
Outcome
differences in population geneticse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Isoetes
Isoetes · Taxon · picture of the genus (one of its species)W. Carl Taylor. USDA NRCS. 1992. Western wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species. West Region, Sacramento. Courtesy of USDA NRCS Wetland Science Inst · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the two also exhibit significant differences in population genetics.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 624–692 · show in text ↑
t0

“Isoetes (Isoetaceae)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–47 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The Fujian hexaploid was named I. fokiensis as a new species.

Taxon
I. fokiensise0
Outcome
new speciese0

Verbatim

e0

“we identified the hexaploid as a new species and named it I. fokiensis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 731–801 · show in text ↑