Abstract
family, primarily tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), which often co-infect tomato plants, promoting the emergence of recombinant viral genomes. To investigate the diversity and evolutionary dynamics of these viruses, symptomatic plants collected from agricultural sites in Sicily between 2020 and 2022, along with archived plant samples from 1994 to 1999, were analysed. For each collection site, leaves from symptomatic plants were pooled to form representative samples. Total nucleic acids were extracted and subjected to rolling circle amplification to enrich circular viral genomes. The amplified products were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) long-read sequencing to obtain full-length viral genomes. Bioinformatic analyses revealed that archived samples mainly contained TYLCSV-related sequences, confirming its historical predominance in Sicilian agroecosystems. Recent samples, by contrast, were dominated by TYLCV-derived recombinants such as TYLCV-IS141- and TYLCV-IS76-like variants, indicating a temporal shift in the structure of the viral population. Furthermore, a distinct group of newly emerged recombinants, provisionally referred to as TYLCV-IMS54, was identified in the most recent samples. Their genome comprises a TYLCV backbone, a 54-nt segment from TYLCSV located downstream of the stem-loop region and a 341-nt region derived from TYLCV-Mild. These results demonstrate the importance of continuous viral population monitoring through ONT-based sequencing to detect emerging variants that may influence disease management strategies in tomato crops and highlight the central role of recombination in shaping begomovirus populations.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Archived tomato samples from 1994-1999 mainly contained TYLCSV-related sequences.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Interactor
- TYLCSVTomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- TYLCSV-related sequencese0
- Direction
- mainlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“archived samples mainly contained TYLCSV-related sequences”
e1“which often co-infect tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
Recent tomato samples were dominated by TYLCV-derived recombinants such as TYLCV-IS141- and TYLCV-IS76-like variants.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- TYLCVTomato yellow leaf curl viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- TYLCV-derived recombinantse0
- Direction
- dominatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Recent samples, by contrast, were dominated by TYLCV-derived recombinants such as TYLCV-IS141- and TYLCV-IS76-like variants”
e1“which often co-infect tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
A distinct group of newly emerged recombinants, provisionally TYLCV-IMS54, was identified in the most recent samples.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- TYLCV-IMS54e0pathogen
- Outcome
- newly emerged recombinantse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a distinct group of newly emerged recombinants, provisionally referred to as TYLCV-IMS54, was identified in the most recent samples”
e1“which often co-infect tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The TYLCV-IMS54 genome contains a 54-nt segment from TYLCSV downstream of the stem-loop region.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- TYLCSVTomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia viruse0pathogen
- Outcome
- 54-nt segment from TYLCSVe0
- Value
- 54-nte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Their genome comprises a TYLCV backbone, a 54-nt segment from TYLCSV located downstream of the stem-loop region and a 341-nt region derived from TYLCV-Mild”
e1“which often co-infect tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The TYLCV-IMS54 genome contains a 341-nt region derived from TYLCV-Mild on a TYLCV backbone.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Interactor
- TYLCV-Milde0pathogen
- Outcome
- 341-nt region derived from TYLCV-Milde0
- Value
- 341-nte0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Their genome comprises a TYLCV backbone, a 54-nt segment from TYLCSV located downstream of the stem-loop region and a 341-nt region derived from TYLCV-Mild”
e1“which often co-infect tomato plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that continuous viral population monitoring through ONT-based sequencing is important for detecting emerging variants that may affect disease management in tomato crops.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- continuous viral population monitoring through ONT-based sequencinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the importance of continuous viral population monitoring through ONT-based sequencing to detect emerging variants that may influence disease management strategies in tomato crops”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors conclude that recombination plays a central role in shaping begomovirus populations.
- Taxon
- begomovirus
Begomoviruse0 - Outcome
- begomovirus populationse0
- Qualifier
- recombinatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highlight the central role of recombination in shaping begomovirus populations”