Abstract
(L.) Walp.) and shows a strong preference for floral tissues. To clarify the spatiotemporal distribution of thrips, we conducted a detailed survey of their abundance in flowers of different developmental stages-sampled in the morning (preanthesis flowers, PAF; open flowers, OPF; postanthesis flowers, PoAF) and at dusk (preanthesis flowers scheduled to open the next morning, PAF-D; closed flowers, CF). Behavioral responses of MTU to floral volatiles from these stages were evaluated using a Y-tube olfactometer, followed by chemical analysis via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results indicate that 58.3% of adults sheltered in keel petals, while 76.7% of nymphs aggregated inside the diadelphous stamens. Thrips abundance on OPF in the morning was significantly higher than on PAF or PoAF, but did not differ significantly from that on CF. Olfactometric assays demonstrated a clear preference of MTU for OPF, which emitted a greater number and higher concentrations of volatile compounds compared to PAF, PAF-D, CF, and PoAF. Together, these findings reveal distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of thrips in relation to cowpea flower development, underscoring the role of floral age in driving host-switching behavior.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
58.3% of adult thrips sheltered in keel petals.
- Interactor
- Cowpea
Vigna unguiculatat0host - Outcome
- adults sheltered in keel petalse0
- Value
- 58.3%e0
ThripsNot reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results indicate that 58.3% of adults sheltered in keel petals, while 76.7% of nymphs aggregated inside the diadelphous stamens.”
t0“Thrips Spatio-Temporal Distribution in Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
76.7% of thrips nymphs aggregated inside diadelphous stamens.
- Interactor
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0host
- Outcome
- nymphs aggregated inside the diadelphous stamense0
- Value
- 76.7%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“while 76.7% of nymphs aggregated inside the diadelphous stamens.”
t0“Thrips Spatio-Temporal Distribution in Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Morning thrips abundance on open flowers was significantly higher than on preanthesis or postanthesis flowers.
- Organ / stage
- OPFe0
- Interactor
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0host
- Outcome
- Thrips abundancee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- in the morninge0
- Comparator
- PAF or PoAFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thrips abundance on OPF in the morning was significantly higher than on PAF or PoAF”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Thrips abundance on morning open flowers did not differ significantly from closed flowers.
- Organ / stage
- OPFe0
- Interactor
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0host
- Outcome
- Thrips abundancee0
- Direction
- did not differ significantlye0
- Comparator
- CFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Thrips abundance on OPF in the morning was significantly higher than on PAF or PoAF, but did not differ significantly from that on CF.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Olfactometric assays showed MTU preference for open flowers.
- Taxon
- MTUe0
- Organ / stage
- OPFe0
- Interactor
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0host
- Outcome
- clear preferencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Olfactometric assays demonstrated a clear preference of MTU for OPF”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Open cowpea flowers emitted a greater number and higher concentrations of volatiles than the other floral stages.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Organ / stage
- OPFe0
- Outcome
- numbere0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- PAF, PAF-D, CF, and PoAFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OPF, which emitted a greater number and higher concentrations of volatile compounds compared to PAF, PAF-D, CF, and PoAF.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
Open cowpea flowers emitted higher volatile concentrations than the other floral stages.
- Taxon
- CowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Organ / stage
- OPFe0
- Outcome
- concentrations of volatile compoundse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- PAF, PAF-D, CF, and PoAFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“OPF, which emitted a greater number and higher concentrations of volatile compounds compared to PAF, PAF-D, CF, and PoAF.”
t0“Cowpea”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that floral age drives thrips host-switching behavior.
- Interactor
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatae0host
- Outcome
- host-switching behaviore0
- Qualifier
- floral agee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these findings reveal distinct spatiotemporal dynamics of thrips in relation to cowpea flower development, underscoring the role of floral age in driving host-switching behavior.”