Abstract
The effect treatments with the recommended application rates of avermectin, buprofezin, white oil, lambda-cyhalothrin and cyromazine on Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) was evaluated. Pesticides were applied against larvae infesting brinjal (Solanum melongena L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) plants in a natural environment of the Cameron Highlands, Pahang, Malaysia. We also examined whether these pesticides affect the whitefly predator, Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner (Heteroptera: Miridae). Tested pesticides significantly reduced the larval populations of the whitefly and affect throughout the survey period. Similar effects were observed on the predator except for the white oil. Avermectin was the most effective insecticide against the population of T. vaporariorum. However, it was highly toxic to the predator, M. caliginosus. Considering relatively low mammalian toxicity of buprofezin and white oil, these two insecticides were more suitable for controlling whiteflies, particularly during fruiting period. Proper selection of effective pesticides against the pest, but less harmful to natural enemies and also good timing of their applications are essential in formulating an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programme for whiteflies.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Tested pesticides significantly reduced whitefly larvae on brinjal.
- Taxon
- brinjal
Solanum melongenat0 - Treatment
- pesticidese0
- Interactor
- Trialeurodes vaporariorum
Trialeurodes vaporariorumt1pest - Outcome
- larval populations of the whiteflye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tested pesticides significantly reduced the larval populations of the whitefly”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
t1“Trialeurodes vaporariorum”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested pesticides significantly reduced whitefly larvae on tomato.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- pesticidese0
- Interactor
- Trialeurodes vaporariorumTrialeurodes vaporariorumt1pest
- Outcome
- larval populations of the whiteflye0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Tested pesticides significantly reduced the larval populations of the whitefly”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
t1“Trialeurodes vaporariorum”
Claim · model-written summary
Tested pesticides other than white oil also affected the whitefly predator on brinjal and tomato.
- Taxon
- brinjal and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- pesticidese1
- Interactor
- Macrolophus caliginosusMacrolophus caliginosust1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- predatore0
- Qualifier
- except for the white oile0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar effects were observed on the predator except for the white oil.”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
e1“We also examined whether these pesticides affect the whitefly predator”
t1“Macrolophus caliginosus”
Claim · model-written summary
Avermectin was most effective against whitefly populations on brinjal and tomato.
- Taxon
- brinjal and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Avermectine0
- Interactor
- T. vaporariorumTrialeurodes vaporariorume0pest
- Outcome
- population of T. vaporariorume0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Avermectin was the most effective insecticide against the population of T. vaporariorum.”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
e7“Avermectin was the most effective insecticide against the population of T. vaporariorum.”
Claim · model-written summary
Avermectin was highly toxic to the whitefly predator on brinjal and tomato.
- Taxon
- brinjal and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Treatment
- Avermectine7
- Interactor
- M. caliginosusMacrolophus caliginosuse0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- highly toxic to the predatore0
- Direction
- highly toxice0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, it was highly toxic to the predator, M. caliginosus.”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
e7“The effect treatments with the recommended application rates of avermectin, buprofezin, white oil, lambda-cyhalothrin and cyromazine on Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) was evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged buprofezin suitable for whitefly control, particularly during fruiting.
- Taxon
- brinjal and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Organ / stage
- fruiting periode0
- Treatment
- buprofezine7
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae0pest
- Outcome
- more suitable for controlling whitefliese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two insecticides were more suitable for controlling whiteflies, particularly during fruiting period.”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
e7“The effect treatments with the recommended application rates of avermectin, buprofezin, white oil, lambda-cyhalothrin and cyromazine on Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) was evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors judged white oil suitable for whitefly control, particularly during fruiting.
- Taxon
- brinjal and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Organ / stage
- fruiting periode0
- Treatment
- white oile7
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae0pest
- Outcome
- more suitable for controlling whitefliese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“these two insecticides were more suitable for controlling whiteflies, particularly during fruiting period.”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
e7“The effect treatments with the recommended application rates of avermectin, buprofezin, white oil, lambda-cyhalothrin and cyromazine on Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood (Aleyrodidae: Homoptera) was evaluated.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend selecting effective pesticides with low harm to natural enemies and timing their application for whitefly IPM.
- Taxon
- brinjal and tomatoSolanum lycopersicumSolanum melongenat0
- Interactor
- whitefliesAleyrodoideae0peste7
- Outcome
- Proper selection of effective pesticidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Proper selection of effective pesticides against the pest, but less harmful to natural enemies and also good timing of their applications are essential in formulating an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programme for whiteflies.”
t0“brinjal and tomato”
e7“Proper selection of effective pesticides against the pest, but less harmful to natural enemies and also good timing of their applications are essential in formulating an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programme for whiteflies.”
The same questions in other papers
insecticide · Trialeurodes vaporariorum · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.