Abstract
The study was conducted to develop metering mechanism of groundnut planter and evaluate the effect of forward speed, inclination angle and cell size of the metering plate on performance parameters such as Average Seed Spacing, Quality of Feed Index, Multiple Index and Miss Index, using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Central Composite Design (CCD) was used which is one of the most widely used experimental designs within the framework of RSM. CCD was considered to estimate main effects, interaction effects, and quadratic effects of the variables. Results revealed that the Quality of Feed Index ranged from 78% to 90%, with the highest value of 90% achieved at a forward speed of 1.5 km/h, inclination angle of 35°, and cell size of 7.9 mm. The Multiple Index and Miss Index varied between 2.5-12.5% and 0-12.5%, respectively, and both increased with higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes, and greater inclination angles. The effects of speed, inclination angle and cell size on miss index was significant at 1% confidence level. Average seed spacing ranged from 14.5 cm to 24.5 cm, with a spacing of 19.9 cm found closest to the target of 20 cm under the same optimal conditions. The results indicate that moderate operational settings-particularly a forward speed of 1.5 km/h, inclination angle of 35°, and cell size of 7.9 mm-provide the best overall metering performance and uniform seed placement, thereby improving planting efficiency. Results obtained in the study can help researchers and designers to optimize planter components-particularly metering plates to maintain accuracy even at slightly variable speeds, improving usability across diverse field conditions., and cell size on the seed metering performance of a groundnut planter.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Quality of Feed Index ranged from 78% to 90%.
- Taxon
- Groundnut
Arachis hypogaeat0 - Outcome
- Quality of Feed Indexe0
- Value
- 78% to 90%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“the Quality of Feed Index ranged from 78% to 90%”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest Quality of Feed Index was 90% at 1.5 km/h speed, 35° angle and 7.9 mm cell size.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- Quality of Feed Indexe1
- Value
- 90%e0
- Qualifier
- forward speed of 1.5 km/h, inclination angle of 35°, and cell size of 7.9 mme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“the highest value of 90% achieved at a forward speed of 1.5 km/h, inclination angle of 35°, and cell size of 7.9 mm”
e1“Quality of Feed Index ranged from 78% to 90%”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple Index varied between 2.5-12.5%.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- Multiple Indexe0
- Value
- 2.5-12.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“The Multiple Index and Miss Index varied between 2.5-12.5% and 0-12.5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Miss Index varied between 0-12.5%.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- Miss Indexe0
- Value
- 0-12.5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“The Multiple Index and Miss Index varied between 2.5-12.5% and 0-12.5%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Multiple Index increased at higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes and greater inclination angles.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes, and greater inclination anglese0
- Outcome
- increasede0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“both increased with higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes, and greater inclination angles”
Claim · model-written summary
Miss Index increased at higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes and greater inclination angles.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes, and greater inclination anglese0
- Outcome
- Miss Indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“The Multiple Index and Miss Index varied between 2.5-12.5% and 0-12.5%, respectively, and both increased with higher forward speeds, larger cell sizes, and greater inclination angles”
Claim · model-written summary
Speed, angle and cell size significantly affected Miss Index at the 1% confidence level.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- speed, inclination angle and cell sizee0
- Outcome
- miss indexe0
- Value
- 1%e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“The effects of speed, inclination angle and cell size on miss index was significant at 1% confidence level”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed spacing ranged from 14.5 cm to 24.5 cm.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- Average seed spacinge0
- Value
- 14.5 cm to 24.5 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“Average seed spacing ranged from 14.5 cm to 24.5 cm”
Claim · model-written summary
Average seed spacing of 19.9 cm was closest to the 20 cm target at the optimal settings.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- spacinge0
- Value
- 19.9 cme0
- Comparator
- target of 20 cme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“a spacing of 19.9 cm found closest to the target of 20 cm under the same optimal conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Moderate settings of 1.5 km/h, 35° and 7.9 mm were recommended for best metering and uniform seed placement.
- Taxon
- GroundnutArachis hypogaeat0
- Outcome
- best overall metering performance and uniform seed placemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Groundnut Planter”
e0“moderate operational settings-particularly a forward speed of 1.5 km/h, inclination angle of 35°, and cell size of 7.9 mm-provide the best overall metering performance and uniform seed placement”