Paper · 2026 · Agriculture

WGMG-Net: A Wavelet-Guided Real-Time Instance Segmentation Framework for Automated Post-Harvest Grape Quality Assessment

Haoyuan Hao; Lvhan Zhuang; Yi Yang; et al.

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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Grading of table grapes depends on reliable berry-level phenotyping, yet manual inspection is subjective and slow. A wavelet-guided instance segmentation network named WGMG-Net is introduced for automated assessment of post-harvest grape clusters. A multi-scale feature merging module based on discrete wavelet transform is used to preserve edges under dense occlusion, and a bivariate fusion enhanced attention mechanism is used to strengthen channel and spatial cues. Instance masks are produced for all berries, a regression head estimates the total berry count, and a mask-derived compactness index assigns clusters to three tightness grades. On a Shine Muscat dataset with 252 cluster images acquired on a simulated sorting line, the WGMG-Net variant attains a mean average precision at Intersection over Union (IoU) 0.5 of 98.98 percent and at IoU 0.5 to 0.95 of 87.76 percent, outperforming Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO models with fewer parameters. For berry counting, a mean absolute error of 1.10 berries, root mean square error of 1.48 berries, mean absolute percentage error of 2.82 percent, accuracy within two berries of 92.86 percent and Pearson correlation of 0.986 are achieved. Compactness grading reaches Top-1 accuracy of 98.04 percent and Top-2 accuracy of 100 percent, supporting the use of WGMG-Net for grape quality evaluation.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 10

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

WGMG-Net attained mean average precision of 98.98 percent at IoU 0.5.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
mean average precisione0
Direction
outperforminge0
Value
98.98 percente0
Qualifier
Intersection over Union (IoU) 0.5e0
Comparator
Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO modelse0

Verbatim

e0

“the WGMG-Net variant attains a mean average precision at Intersection over Union (IoU) 0.5 of 98.98 percent and at IoU 0.5 to 0.95 of 87.76 percent, outperforming Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO models with fewer parameters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 735–957 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

WGMG-Net attained mean average precision of 87.76 percent across IoU 0.5 to 0.95.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
mean average precisione0
Direction
outperforminge0
Value
87.76 percente0
Qualifier
IoU 0.5 to 0.95e0
Comparator
Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO modelse0

Verbatim

e0

“the WGMG-Net variant attains a mean average precision at Intersection over Union (IoU) 0.5 of 98.98 percent and at IoU 0.5 to 0.95 of 87.76 percent, outperforming Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO models with fewer parameters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 735–957 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

WGMG-Net used fewer parameters than the compared models.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
parameterse0
Direction
fewere0
Comparator
Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO modelse0

Verbatim

e0

“outperforming Mask R-CNN, PointRend and YOLO models with fewer parameters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 884–957 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Berry counting had mean absolute error of 1.10 berries.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
mean absolute errore0
Value
1.10 berriese0

Verbatim

e0

“For berry counting, a mean absolute error of 1.10 berries, root mean square error of 1.48 berries, mean absolute percentage error of 2.82 percent, accuracy within two berries of 92.86 percent and Pearson correlation of 0.986 are achieved.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 959–1197 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Berry counting had root mean square error of 1.48 berries.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
root mean square errore0
Value
1.48 berriese0

Verbatim

e0

“root mean square error of 1.48 berries”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1018–1056 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Berry counting had mean absolute percentage error of 2.82 percent.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
mean absolute percentage errore0
Value
2.82 percente0

Verbatim

e0

“mean absolute percentage error of 2.82 percent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1058–1104 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Berry counting was accurate within two berries for 92.86 percent.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
accuracy within two berriese0
Value
92.86 percente0

Verbatim

e0

“accuracy within two berries of 92.86 percent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1106–1150 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Berry counting achieved Pearson correlation of 0.986.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
Pearson correlatione0
Value
0.986e0

Verbatim

e0

“Pearson correlation of 0.986”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1155–1183 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Compactness grading reached Top-1 accuracy of 98.04 percent.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
Top-1 accuracye0
Value
98.04 percente0

Verbatim

e0

“Compactness grading reaches Top-1 accuracy of 98.04 percent and Top-2 accuracy of 100 percent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1198–1291 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑
Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Compactness grading reached Top-2 accuracy of 100 percent.

Taxon
Grapet0
Outcome
Top-2 accuracye0
Value
100 percente0

Verbatim

e0

“Top-2 accuracy of 100 percent”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1262–1291 · show in text ↑
t0

“Grape”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 96–101 · show in text ↑