Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is caused by the phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), a destructive disease that significantly threatens rice production. Controlling bacterial leaf blight on rice (Oryzae sativa) is important through the plant resistance approach, including pathogen-derived ligands such as flagella to induce plant resistance mechanisms, in addition to using lytic bacteriophage. This study investigated the interaction between the bacteriophage XooG01 and flagellar proteins from Xoo H02 on the expression of resistance genes in rice. Leaves were pre-treated with a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendages before pathogen inoculation, and gene expression was measured using semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The results revealed a paradoxical transcriptional response. While the expression of genes Xa10 and xa13 was significantly upregulated in treated leaves after pathogen challenge, the expression of the primary immune receptor Xa21 was, contrary to expectations, significantly decreased. The expression of Xa4 showed a slight, non-significant increase. This unexpected suppression of Xa21 suggests a phage-mediated interference in the host-pathogen recognition process, likely by the phage physically masking the flagellin elicitor from plant receptors. These findings reveal a complex tripartite interaction with critical implications for the design of future biocontrol strategies.
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Claims 4
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of Xa10 and xa13 was significantly upregulated in rice leaves pre-treated with phage and flagellar proteins after pathogen challenge
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Treatment
- a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendagese2
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaee0pathogen - Second interactor
- bacteriophage XooG01e1biocontrol_agent
- Gene
- Xa10 and xa13e3
- Outcome
- expressione3
- Direction
- upregulatede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Xa genes expression in rice”
e0“Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is caused by the phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo)”
e1“This study investigated the interaction between the bacteriophage XooG01 and flagellar proteins from Xoo H02 on the expression of resistance genes in rice”
e2“Leaves were pre-treated with a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendages before pathogen inoculation”
e3“While the expression of genes Xa10 and xa13 was significantly upregulated in treated leaves after pathogen challenge”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of Xa21 was significantly decreased in rice leaves pre-treated with phage and flagellar proteins, contrary to expectations
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendagese2
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaeXanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaee0pathogen
- Second interactor
- bacteriophage XooG01e1biocontrol_agent
- Gene
- Xa21e4
- Outcome
- expressione4
- Direction
- decreasede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Xa genes expression in rice”
e0“Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is caused by the phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo)”
e1“This study investigated the interaction between the bacteriophage XooG01 and flagellar proteins from Xoo H02 on the expression of resistance genes in rice”
e2“Leaves were pre-treated with a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendages before pathogen inoculation”
e4“the expression of the primary immune receptor Xa21 was, contrary to expectations, significantly decreased”
Claim · model-written summary
Expression of Xa4 showed a slight, non-significant increase in rice leaves pre-treated with phage and flagellar proteins
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendagese2
- Interactor
- Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaeXanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzaee0pathogen
- Second interactor
- bacteriophage XooG01e1biocontrol_agent
- Gene
- Xa4e5
- Outcome
- expressione5
- Direction
- increasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Xa genes expression in rice”
e0“Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is caused by the phytopathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo)”
e1“This study investigated the interaction between the bacteriophage XooG01 and flagellar proteins from Xoo H02 on the expression of resistance genes in rice”
e2“Leaves were pre-treated with a mixture of the phage and bacterial cell surface appendages before pathogen inoculation”
e5“The expression of Xa4 showed a slight, non-significant increase”
Claim · model-written summary
The suppression of Xa21 is likely due to phage-mediated interference in host-pathogen recognition, with the phage masking the flagellin elicitor from plant receptors
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- suppression of Xa21e6
- Qualifier
- phage-mediated interference in the host-pathogen recognition process, likely by the phage physically masking the flagellin elicitore6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Xa genes expression in rice”
e6“This unexpected suppression of Xa21 suggests a phage-mediated interference in the host-pathogen recognition process, likely by the phage physically masking the flagellin elicitor from plant receptors”