Abstract
Abstract The vineyards of Palatinate (Germany) and Alsace (France) in the Upper Rhine valley are still free from Flavescence dorée (FD) disease, but the main vector in grapevine, the leafhopper Scaphoideus titanus , has recently been detected. Knowledge of reservoir plants and alternative vectors of FD phytoplasmas (FDp) is crucial for management strategies. An interregional survey showed that among 12 main wild woody plants and liana species sampled in the environments of vineyards, only alders were infected by FDp, with high prevalence of MAP-FD2 genotypes. Yellow sticky traps were used to record the abundance and analyze the natural infection rate of potential leafhopper vectors on alders, clematis and cultivated grapevine. Live specimens were collected for inoculation trials. High infection rates and transmission capacities of resident Allygus spp. and the invasive Orientus ishidae were confirmed. In addition, five other Deltocephalinae species were identified as potential vectors of FDp. Lamprotettix nitidulus showed a high abundance and high infection rates with FDp in both regions. Its transmission competence of FDp to alder and broad bean could be demonstrated through repeated trials and high FDp titers were measured in infective individuals. Similar titers were measured in Synophropsis lauri, suggesting it could also transmit FDp. Fieberiella florii , Euscelidius variegatus and Japananus hyalinus may also play a role for the spread of 16SrV group phytoplasmas. Six new MAP-FD1 and FD2 genotypes were detected in leafhoppers. The prevalent and only transmitted genotype was M38: a vectotype II compatible with S. titanus transmission. The results show that the natural spread of FDp among alders is more complex than previously thought, and thus, the risk of transmissions to grapevine is more difficult to evaluate.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Among 12 wild woody plant and liana species sampled near vineyards, only alders were infected by FDp, with high prevalence of MAP-FD2 genotypes.
AlnusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“among 12 main wild woody plants and liana species sampled in the environments of vineyards, only alders were infected by FDp, with high prevalence of MAP-FD2 genotypes”
Claim · model-written summary
High infection rates and transmission capacities of resident Allygus spp. were confirmed.
- Outcome
- High infection rates and transmission capacitiese0
AllygusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High infection rates and transmission capacities of resident Allygus spp. and the invasive Orientus ishidae were confirmed”
Claim · model-written summary
High infection rates and transmission capacities of the invasive Orientus ishidae were confirmed.
- Taxon
- Orientus ishidae
Orientus ishidaee0 - Outcome
- High infection rates and transmission capacitiese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“High infection rates and transmission capacities of resident Allygus spp. and the invasive Orientus ishidae were confirmed”
Claim · model-written summary
Five other Deltocephalinae species were identified as potential vectors of FDp.
- Taxon
- DeltocephalinaeDeltocephalinaee0
- Interactor
- FDpe0pathogen
- Outcome
- potential vectors of FDpe0
Verbatim
e0“five other Deltocephalinae species were identified as potential vectors of FDp”
Claim · model-written summary
Lamprotettix nitidulus showed high abundance and high FDp infection rates in both regions.
- Taxon
- Lamprotettix nitidulus
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Lamprotettix nitiduluse0 - Interactor
- FDpe0pathogen
- Outcome
- high abundance and high infection ratese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Lamprotettix nitidulus showed a high abundance and high infection rates with FDp in both regions”
Claim · model-written summary
L. nitidulus transmitted FDp to alder in repeated trials.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its transmission competence of FDp to alder and broad bean could be demonstrated through repeated trials”
Claim · model-written summary
L. nitidulus transmitted FDp to broad bean in repeated trials.
- Taxon
- broad bean
Vicia fabae0 - Interactor
- FDpe0pathogen
- Outcome
- transmission competence of FDpe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Its transmission competence of FDp to alder and broad bean could be demonstrated through repeated trials”
Claim · model-written summary
Similar high FDp titers in Synophropsis lauri suggest it could also transmit FDp.
- Taxon
- Synophropsis lauri
Synophropsis laurie0 - Interactor
- FDpe0pathogen
- Outcome
- Similar titerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Similar titers were measured in Synophropsis lauri, suggesting it could also transmit FDp”
Claim · model-written summary
Fieberiella florii, Euscelidius variegatus and Japananus hyalinus may play a role in the spread of 16SrV group phytoplasmas.
- Taxon
- Fieberiella florii , Euscelidius variegatus and Japananus hyalinus
Euscelidius variegatus
Fieberiella florii
Japananus hyalinuse0 - Outcome
- spread of 16SrV group phytoplasmase0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fieberiella florii , Euscelidius variegatus and Japananus hyalinus may also play a role for the spread of 16SrV group phytoplasmas”
Claim · model-written summary
Six new MAP-FD1 and FD2 genotypes were detected in leafhoppers.
- Taxon
- leafhoppersCicadellidaee0
- Outcome
- new MAP-FD1 and FD2 genotypese0
- Value
- Sixe0
Verbatim
e0“Six new MAP-FD1 and FD2 genotypes were detected in leafhoppers”
Claim · model-written summary
The prevalent and only transmitted genotype was M38, a vectotype II compatible with S. titanus transmission.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The prevalent and only transmitted genotype was M38: a vectotype II compatible with S. titanus transmission”