Abstract
Pigeon pea farms are heterogeneous, applying varied cropping systems. In this context, the study of the typology of farms taking into account the cropping systems they adopt is of practical importance for the implementation of targeted and effective technological interventions. The objective of this research is to identify and characterize the pigeon pea cropping systems practiced in Central Benin. A field survey was conducted among 240 pigeon pea producers randomly selected in the communes of Bantè, Glazoué and Ouèssè. Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Chi-square test of independence, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and multinomial logit regression were used to analyze the collected data. Three types of cropping systems were identified. The first system, adopted by 31.25% of farmers, is characterized by pure stand cultivation, the use of herbicides and a reduced frequency of manual weeding. The second system, chosen by 47.08% of participants, is characterized by mixed cultivation with maize, legumes (soybean, peanut), or other crops (cassava, yam, market garden crops and sometimes in cashew plantations), without the use of herbicides but with a moderate frequency of manual weeding. The third system, adopted by 21.67% of farmers, is characterized by mixed cultivation with maize, the use of herbicides and a limited frequency of manual weeding. These systems have varying levels of economic performance and appear to be specific to each municipality. Factors such as available agricultural area, Mahi ethnicity, and location within the Glazoué and Ouèssè communes significantly influence the choice of these systems. The results advocate for promoting pure stand systems and improved varieties to optimize yields across all cultivation systems.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Three pigeon pea cropping system types were identified.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajan
Cajanus cajant0 - Outcome
- Three types of cropping systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Three types of cropping systems were identified.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”
Claim · model-written summary
A pure stand system with herbicides and reduced manual weeding was used by 31.25% of farmers.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- pure stand cultivation, the use of herbicides and a reduced frequency of manual weedinge0
- Value
- 31.25%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The first system, adopted by 31.25% of farmers, is characterized by pure stand cultivation, the use of herbicides and a reduced frequency of manual weeding.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed cultivation without herbicides and moderate manual weeding was used by 47.08% of participants.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- mixed cultivation with maize, legumes (soybean, peanut), or other crops (cassava, yam, market garden crops and sometimes in cashew plantations), without the use of herbicides but with a moderate frequency of manual weedinge0
- Value
- 47.08%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The second system, chosen by 47.08% of participants, is characterized by mixed cultivation with maize, legumes (soybean, peanut), or other crops (cassava, yam, market garden crops and sometimes in cashew plantations), without the use of herbicides but with a moderate frequency of manual weeding.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”
Claim · model-written summary
Mixed cultivation with maize, herbicides and limited manual weeding was used by 21.67% of farmers.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- mixed cultivation with maize, the use of herbicides and a limited frequency of manual weedinge0
- Value
- 21.67%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The third system, adopted by 21.67% of farmers, is characterized by mixed cultivation with maize, the use of herbicides and a limited frequency of manual weeding.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”
Claim · model-written summary
The cropping systems varied in economic performance and appeared municipality specific.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- varying levels of economic performance and appear to be specific to each municipalitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These systems have varying levels of economic performance and appear to be specific to each municipality.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”
Claim · model-written summary
Agricultural area, Mahi ethnicity and location significantly influenced system choice.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- choice of these systemse0
- Qualifier
- available agricultural area, Mahi ethnicitye0
- Setting
- Glazoué and Ouèssè communese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Factors such as available agricultural area, Mahi ethnicity, and location within the Glazoué and Ouèssè communes significantly influence the choice of these systems.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advocate pure stand systems and improved varieties to optimize yields.
- Taxon
- Cajanus cajanCajanus cajant0
- Outcome
- promoting pure stand systems and improved varieties to optimize yields across all cultivation systemse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The results advocate for promoting pure stand systems and improved varieties to optimize yields across all cultivation systems.”
t0“Cajanus cajan”