Abstract
Background. Zabrotes subfasciatus (Boh., 1833) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae), is considered one of the most important pest of stored beans. Objective. This study reports the possible toxicity and repellence of powders prepared from eight plant species against the Mexican bean weevil in two formulations (dry powder and sachets). Methodology. A 10 * 2 factorial design (10 species * 2 formulations) with 8 repetitions in a completely randomized design was employed. Pots with no powder were used as a negative control, and a pyrethroid insecticide [K-Obiol® 2 DP (deltamethrin, 0.5 g a.i. ton-1)] was applied as a positive control. Results. A mixture of powdered Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Ruta graveolens L. and Mentha pulegium L. added to bean grains was confirmed to be toxic to Z. subfasciatus adults with promising grain protector properties. C. ambrosioides powder had the same effect when in a sachet. A mixture of powdered R. graveolens, M. pulegium and C. ambrosioides with the beans inhibited weevil oviposition. The same effect was achieved for M. pulegium and C. ambrosioides in sachets. A mixture of powdered C. ambrosioides, M. pulegium, R. officinalis and R. graveolens repelled Z. subfasciatus adults from bean grains. Implications. This is the first report of using botanical derivatives by means of sachets or dry formulations, a pre-commercial purpose for aromatic plants with insecticidal/repellent activities. Conclusions. Sachets containing powdered C. ambrosioides and M. pulegium efficiently controlled the Mexican bean weevil in stored beans and constitute an useful tools for domestic grain stock or post-harvest management of organic grains.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
The powdered three-species mixture added to bean grains was toxic to adult Z. subfasciatus.
- Taxon
- Z. subfasciatus
Zabrotes subfasciatuse0 - Organ / stage
- adultse0
- Treatment
- A mixture of powdered Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Ruta graveolens L. and Mentha pulegium L.e0
- Interactor
- beane0host
- Outcome
- toxice0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mixture of powdered Chenopodium ambrosioides L., Ruta graveolens L. and Mentha pulegium L. added to bean grains was confirmed to be toxic to Z. subfasciatus adults with promising grain protector properties.”
Claim · model-written summary
C. ambrosioides powder in a sachet was also toxic to adult Z. subfasciatus.
- Taxon
- Z. subfasciatusZabrotes subfasciatuse1
- Treatment
- C. ambrosioides powdere0
- Outcome
- toxice1
- Qualifier
- in a sachete0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“C. ambrosioides powder had the same effect when in a sachet.”
e1“toxic to Z. subfasciatus adults”
Claim · model-written summary
The three-species powder mixture with beans inhibited weevil oviposition.
- Taxon
- weevile0
- Treatment
- A mixture of powdered R. graveolens, M. pulegium and C. ambrosioidese0
- Interactor
- beanse0host
- Outcome
- weevil ovipositione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“A mixture of powdered R. graveolens, M. pulegium and C. ambrosioides with the beans inhibited weevil oviposition.”
Claim · model-written summary
M. pulegium in sachets inhibited weevil oviposition.
- Taxon
- weevile1
- Treatment
- M. pulegiume0
- Outcome
- weevil ovipositione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Qualifier
- in sachetse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The same effect was achieved for M. pulegium and C. ambrosioides in sachets.”
e1“inhibited weevil oviposition”
Claim · model-written summary
C. ambrosioides in sachets inhibited weevil oviposition.
- Taxon
- weevile1
- Treatment
- C. ambrosioidese0
- Outcome
- weevil ovipositione1
- Direction
- inhibitede1
- Qualifier
- in sachetse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The same effect was achieved for M. pulegium and C. ambrosioides in sachets.”
e1“inhibited weevil oviposition”
Claim · model-written summary
The four-species powdered mixture repelled adult Z. subfasciatus from bean grains.
- Taxon
- Z. subfasciatusZabrotes subfasciatuse0
- Treatment
- A mixture of powdered C. ambrosioides, M. pulegium, R. officinalis and R. graveolense0
- Interactor
- beane0host
- Outcome
- repellede0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A mixture of powdered C. ambrosioides, M. pulegium, R. officinalis and R. graveolens repelled Z. subfasciatus adults from bean grains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Sachets containing C. ambrosioides and M. pulegium powders are useful for domestic grain stocks and organic grain postharvest management.
- Taxon
- beanse0
- Interactor
- Mexican bean weevilZabrotes subfasciatuse0pest
- Outcome
- Sachets containing powdered C. ambrosioides and M. pulegiume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sachets containing powdered C. ambrosioides and M. pulegium efficiently controlled the Mexican bean weevil in stored beans and constitute an useful tools for domestic grain stock or post-harvest management of organic grains.”