Abstract
Tomato brown rugose fruit virus (Tobamovirus fructirugosum, ToBRFV) is an emerging tobamovirus threatening tomato and pepper production worldwide. Accurate and scalable detection methods are essential to limit its agricultural impact. In this study, we report the recombinant production and characterization of ToBRFV capsid (CPToBRFV) and movement (MPToBRFV) proteins as candidate antigens for serological detection. Both coding sequences were amplified from infected tomato tissue and heterologously expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). CPToBRFV exhibited partial solubility under low-temperature induction, allowing purification under native conditions, whereas MPToBRFV accumulated in inclusion bodies and was purified under denaturing conditions. Purified proteins were validated by SDS-PAGE and immunoblotting. In silico analyses indicated the presence of multiple B- and T-cell epitopes in both proteins. Immunization of mice with purified proteins elicited IgG responses. Interestingly, MPToBRFV induced a higher humoral response, but antisera raised against CPToBRFV showed superior ELISA reactivity with crude extracts from ToBRFV-infected plants. Together, these results support CPToBRFV as a robust antigen for serological detection and provide a reproducible framework for the development of recombinant protein-based diagnostics for ToBRFV.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
CPToBRFV was partially soluble and purified under native conditions.
Verbatim
e0“CPToBRFV exhibited partial solubility under low-temperature induction, allowing purification under native conditions”
t0“ToBRFV”
Claim · model-written summary
MPToBRFV accumulated in inclusion bodies and was purified under denaturing conditions.
Verbatim
e0“MPToBRFV accumulated in inclusion bodies and was purified under denaturing conditions”
t0“ToBRFV”
Claim · model-written summary
In silico analysis indicated multiple B- and T-cell epitopes in both viral proteins.
Verbatim
e0“In silico analyses indicated the presence of multiple B- and T-cell epitopes in both proteins”
t0“ToBRFV”
Claim · model-written summary
Immunization with purified viral proteins elicited IgG responses in mice.
MusNot reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Immunization of mice with purified proteins elicited IgG responses”
Claim · model-written summary
MPToBRFV induced a higher humoral response.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“MPToBRFV induced a higher humoral response”
Claim · model-written summary
CPToBRFV antisera had superior ELISA reactivity with extracts from infected plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“antisera raised against CPToBRFV showed superior ELISA reactivity with crude extracts from ToBRFV-infected plants”