Paper · 2026 · Plant Science Today

Home garden management practices and plant species diversity in Shager City, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia: Implications for biodiversity conservation

Belete Tolosa; S B Padal

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Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Home gardens are long-established traditional farming systems that fulfill diverse community needs while supporting social well-being and ecological sustainability. This study aimed to assess the level of engagement, management practices and plant species diversity in home gardens of Shager City. About 180 households were sampled systematically from six sub-cities. Survey data were collected through garden tours and interviews with households and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Plant species diversity was analysed using Shannon-Weiner and Simpson diversity indices. The scientific names of plant species were confirmed at the National Herbarium of Addis Ababa University. About 85 % of households surveyed in Shager City practise home gardening, showing the community's strong attachment to the practice. Majorly, home gardens are positioned in the front yard due to housing design. Ground-based planting space being practised in the city is incompatible with running land scarcity. The management of home gardens is primarily carried out by female household members. The survey recorded approximately 215 species, predominantly in the ornamental use category and with a herbaceous growth form. The home gardens exhibited high species diversity, implicating their potential in maintaining urban sustainability. Ensete ventricosum was the most frequent species due to its potential for multiple uses and adaptability to varying environments. Plant species richness in the studied home gardens is associated (p < 0.005) with most socioeconomic characteristics of households. The limited economic and nutritional benefits of home gardens require targeted policy and community interventions.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

About 85% of surveyed households practiced home gardening.

Outcome
practise home gardeninge0
Value
85 %e0
Setting
Shager Citye0

Not reportedTaxon

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e0

“About 85 % of households surveyed in Shager City practise home gardening”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–773 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Most home gardens were in front yards.

Outcome
home gardens are positioned in the front yarde0
Setting
front yarde0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0

“Majorly, home gardens are positioned in the front yard due to housing design”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 834–910 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ground planting space was incompatible with land scarcity.

Outcome
incompatible with running land scarcitye0

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e0

“Ground-based planting space being practised in the city is incompatible with running land scarcity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 912–1010 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Women primarily managed home gardens.

Outcome
management of home gardens is primarily carried out by female household memberse0

Not reportedTaxon

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e0

“The management of home gardens is primarily carried out by female household members”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1012–1095 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The survey recorded about 215 plant species.

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speciese0
Outcome
speciese0
Value
approximately 215 speciese0

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e0

“The survey recorded approximately 215 species, predominantly in the ornamental use category and with a herbaceous growth form”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1097–1222 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ornamental species predominated.

Taxon
ornamentale0
Outcome
predominantly in the ornamental use categorye0

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e0

“predominantly in the ornamental use category and with a herbaceous growth form”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1144–1222 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbaceous species predominated.

Taxon
herbaceouse0
Outcome
herbaceous growth forme0

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e0

“predominantly in the ornamental use category and with a herbaceous growth form”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1144–1222 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Home gardens had high species diversity.

Outcome
high species diversitye0

Not reportedTaxon

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e0

“The home gardens exhibited high species diversity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1224–1273 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ensete ventricosum was the most frequent species.

Taxon
Ensete ventricosumEnsete ventricosume0
Outcome
most frequent speciese0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ensete ventricosum
Ensete ventricosum · TaxonTon Rulkens from Mozambique · CC BY-SA 2.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Ensete ventricosum was the most frequent species due to its potential for multiple uses and adaptability to varying environments”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1340–1468 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Plant species richness was associated with most household socioeconomic characteristics.

Taxon
Plante0
Outcome
Plant species richnesse0
Qualifier
most socioeconomic characteristics of householdse0
Setting
home gardense0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“Plant species richness in the studied home gardens is associated (p < 0.005) with most socioeconomic characteristics of households”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1470–1600 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors called for targeted interventions because garden economic and nutritional benefits were limited.

Outcome
targeted policy and community interventionse0

Not reportedTaxon

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e0

“The limited economic and nutritional benefits of home gardens require targeted policy and community interventions”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1602–1715 · show in text ↑