Abstract
Archaea are a major domain of life that inhabit diverse and often extreme environments, contributing to biogeochemical cycles and participating in nutrient cycling within plant rhizospheric soils. This study applies metagenomic whole-genome shotgun sequencing to characterize the archaeal component of the rhizospheric microbiome associated with the wild plant species Moringa oleifera in Saudi Arabia. Based on KEGG-annotated enzymes, Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota emerged as the predominant archaeal phyla in the rhizosphere, with higher abundance than in bulk soil. The most abundant archaeal enzymes were assigned to metabolic pathways related to nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, carbon transformations, and responses to oxidative stress, indicating a putative contribution to nutrient turnover and stress-related functions. Network analysis further identified archaeal chemotaxis-related regulators and two-component sensor kinases linked to the root–soil interface. Key enzymes detected included urease, glutamine synthetase, thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, and catalase-peroxidase. These findings suggest that archaeal communities form a distinct functional module within the M. oleifera rhizosphere, potentially influencing soil nutrient dynamics and plant performance. The chief limitation is reliance on DNA-based metagenomic data from a single site and time point, without multi-omics or detailed soil characterization, restricting temporal and ecological generalization. Nonetheless, the dataset provides a genome-scale view of archaeal functional potential and offers testable directions for future experimental and process-oriented studies.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota predominated in the Moringa rhizosphere and exceeded their abundance in bulk soil.
- Taxon
- Moringa oleifera
Moringa oleiferat0 - Interactor
- ThaumarchaeotaNitrososphaerotae0symbiont
- Second interactor
- EuryarchaeotaMethanobacteriotae0symbiont
- Outcome
- archaeal phyla in the rhizospheree0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- bulk soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Moringa oleifera”
e0“Based on KEGG-annotated enzymes, Thaumarchaeota and Euryarchaeota emerged as the predominant archaeal phyla in the rhizosphere, with higher abundance than in bulk soil.”
Claim · model-written summary
Abundant archaeal enzymes were assigned to nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, carbon transformation, and oxidative stress pathways.
- Taxon
- Moringa oleiferaMoringa oleiferat0
- Outcome
- archaeal enzymese0
- Direction
- most abundante0
- Qualifier
- metabolic pathways related to nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, carbon transformations, and responses to oxidative stresse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Moringa oleifera”
e0“The most abundant archaeal enzymes were assigned to metabolic pathways related to nitrogen and sulfur metabolism, carbon transformations, and responses to oxidative stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Network analysis identified archaeal chemotaxis regulators and sensor kinases linked to the root–soil interface.
- Taxon
- Moringa oleiferaMoringa oleiferat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- archaeal chemotaxis-related regulators and two-component sensor kinasese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Moringa oleifera”
e0“Network analysis further identified archaeal chemotaxis-related regulators and two-component sensor kinases linked to the root–soil interface.”
Claim · model-written summary
Urease, glutamine synthetase, thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, and catalase-peroxidase were detected.
- Taxon
- Moringa oleiferaMoringa oleiferat0
- Gene
- ureasee0
- Outcome
- Key enzymes detectede0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Moringa oleifera”
e0“Key enzymes detected included urease, glutamine synthetase, thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, and catalase-peroxidase.”
Claim · model-written summary
The dataset provides a genome-scale view of archaeal functional potential.
- Taxon
- Moringa oleiferaMoringa oleiferat0
- Outcome
- genome-scale view of archaeal functional potentiale0
Not reportedComparatorValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Moringa oleifera”
e0“the dataset provides a genome-scale view of archaeal functional potential”