Paper · 2026 · Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle an Invasive Tree Species: Botanical Characteristics, Ecological Effects and Management Strategies

Ayfer Güney Sarıtaş; Ramazan Gürbüz

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
0
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access

Abstract

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (tree of heaven) is an invasive tree species native to Asia that spreads rapidly and has a high adaptability. It spreads rapidly and forms colonies, especially in disturbed areas, along roadsides, and in forest clearings. A. altissima spreads through its rapid growth capacity, root suckers, and wind-borne seeds. Additionally, its tolerance to environmental stress factors enables it to become dominant in natural ecosystems. This review article examines the botanical characteristics, distribution areas, ecological impacts, control methods, and potential uses of A. altissima based on a literature review. It has been determined that the plant suppresses the growth of surrounding plant species through allelopathic effects, alters soil microbial structure, and threatens biodiversity. Additionally, it has negative effects on fire regimes, creates erosion risks, and causes habitat loss for native fauna. Mechanical, chemical, and biological control methods are discussed in the context of control measures. It has been emphasized that the most effective results are achieved through the integration of these methods. In particular, studies on systemic herbicides and biological control agents offer new approaches to controlling the species. Additionally, this species has beneficial aspects in areas such as wood production under controlled conditions, erosion prevention, traditional medicine, and phytoremediation. In conclusion, the uncontrolled spread of A. altissima poses a serious threat to ecosystems. To mitigate the impact of this issue, integrated control strategies developed with the collaboration of both public institutions and scientists, based on scientific data, and sustainable control strategies must be developed.

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Claims 7

Mechanismobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Ailanthus altissima suppresses growth of surrounding plant species through allelopathic effects.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
suppresses the growth of surrounding plant speciese1
Qualifier
allelopathic effectse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“the plant suppresses the growth of surrounding plant species through allelopathic effects”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 673–762 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Ailanthus altissima alters soil microbial structure.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
soil microbial structuree1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“alters soil microbial structure”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 764–795 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Ailanthus altissima threatens biodiversity.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
biodiversitye1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“threatens biodiversity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 801–823 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Ailanthus altissima has negative effects on fire regimes, creates erosion risks and causes habitat loss for native fauna.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
negative effects on fire regimes, creates erosion risks, and causes habitat loss for native faunae1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“it has negative effects on fire regimes, creates erosion risks, and causes habitat loss for native fauna”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 839–943 · show in text ↑
Recommendationobservedreview summarypositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The most effective control of Ailanthus altissima is reported to result from integrating mechanical, chemical and biological methods.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
the most effective results are achieved through the integration of these methodse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“the most effective results are achieved through the integration of these methods”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1076–1156 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The species has beneficial aspects such as wood production under controlled conditions, erosion prevention, traditional medicine and phytoremediation.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
beneficial aspects in areas such as wood production under controlled conditions, erosion prevention, traditional medicine, and phytoremediatione1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“this species has beneficial aspects in areas such as wood production under controlled conditions, erosion prevention, traditional medicine, and phytoremediation”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1297–1457 · show in text ↑
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors conclude that science-based integrated and sustainable control strategies, developed jointly by public institutions and scientists, must be developed.

Taxon
Ailanthus altissimaAilanthus altissimust0
Outcome
integrated control strategies developed with the collaboration of both public institutions and scientistse1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Ailanthus altissimus
Ailanthus altissimus · TaxonDarkone ( talk · contribs ) · CC BY-SA 2.5 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Ailanthus altissima”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–19 · show in text ↑
e1

“integrated control strategies developed with the collaboration of both public institutions and scientists, based on scientific data, and sustainable control strategies must be developed”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1590–1775 · show in text ↑