DNA 1 is no Longer a Constant Feature of the Monopartite Begomovirus DNA β Complex Causing Cotton Leaf Curl Disease in Pakistan

Abstract

SummaryThe association of begomoviruses with single stranded DNA satellites is a relatively recent discovery.Typically the complex consists of a monopartite begomovirus (family Geminiviridae) and a small circular satellite, known as a betasatellite that modulates the symptoms induced by the helper virus.Invariably, at least for this complex in Asia, a third molecule, the satellite-like component known as DNA 1, was shown to be present previously in every field.This was certainly the case for the begomovirus betasatellite complex causing cotton leaf curl disease (CLCuD) across Pakistan and western India.By PCR mediated amplification, rolling circle amplification and Southern blot hybridization, we showed that for more recently collected samples, DNA 1 is no longer a constant companion of the CLCuD complex.Sequence analysis of two full-length DNA 1 molecules from 66 infected cotton samples collected in 2005/2006 and 2009/2010 indicated that the few satellite-like components present are typical of the earlier examples.The significance of these findings in relation to recent changes in the CLCuD complex is discussed.

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