琉球列島における園芸の将来性

Abstract

1. Horticulture has a bright future here since it can become one of the major enterprises of the Ryukyu Islands. However, much enthusiasm and expert leadership is needed to expand and develop the production of fruits, vegetables, flowers and ornamentals on these Islands. The production potentialities of the soil and the climate found here are enormous as are the demands for these essential products. 2. The Ryukyu Islands are endowed with a twelve-month growing season as compared to a three month growing season of many other parts of the world. Essentially this means that one acre of land in Okinawa annually can produce 3 to 4 times as much as an acre of land in the Scandinavian countries for example. Many of the vegetable crop varieties mature in about three months or less so that several crops can be grown in succession. Other advantages in crop production here are: 1) abundant rain-fall, sunshine and optimum temperature for growth, 2) ample local labar for production, processing and marketing, and 3) increasing annual demand for Horticultural products. 3. The production problems can be met by application of present day knowledge of soil fertility, crop rotation, tillage methods, variety adaptation and pest control. However, there are many detailed problems in production which have to be solved locally by research in the laboratory, the greenhouse, and the field. Research in plant nutrition, plant breeding, variety adaptation and crop rotation is urgently needed. 4. The University of the Ryukyus during its first seven years has established sound agricultural research and extension programs. However there is much yet to be accomplished in these programs if horticulture or agriculture in general is to flourish as a leading enterprise in the Ryukyu Islands. The research findings will have to be applied. During the next decades, the farmer will have to be shown right out in the field how to till and fertilize the soil, plant new and different varieties, rotate his crops, build typhoon shelters, improve soil condition, control pests and many other up-to-date cultural methods. The possibilities are here; it is up to the University and the people to develop them to make these islands the horticultural center of the Far East.

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