Abstract
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an increasingly important pulse crop in Western Canada, but its production is threatened by Lygus spp. (Hemiptera: Miridae), which cause pod and seed damage through piercing-sucking feeding. This study examined the relationship between Lygus feeding duration, insect density, and the extent of scarring damage in faba bean seeds using complementary no-choice and electrical penetration graph (EPG) experiments. In no-choice assays, single adults of L. lineolaris and L. elisus confined to plants for 1, 3, 24, or 48 h produced significantly increasing damage over time (F = 6.24; P < 0.001), reaching the Canadian Grain Commission's 1% downgrading threshold after only 3 h of feeding. Species did not differ in damage potential. EPG recordings of L. lineolaris feeding revealed 3 main probing waveforms: cell rupture (CR), transition (T), and ingestion (I), with nymphs spending longer in CR and I phases than adults, although waveform type, not life stage, significantly affected feeding duration. McBryde staining detected salivary deposits in a limited number of pods and seeds, primarily from males, suggesting differences in salivation behavior among life stages. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that brief feeding periods by Lygus can cause economically significant damage to faba bean seeds, highlighting the importance of monitoring pest activity and minimizing feeding duration to reduce quality losses. The integration of EPG behavioral data with seed damage assessments provides a basis for establishing feeding-time thresholds to guide faba bean pest management.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Damage by L. lineolaris increased with feeding duration.
- Taxon
- faba bean
Vicia fabat0 - Treatment
- confined to plants for 1, 3, 24, or 48 he0
- Interactor
- L. lineolaris
Lygus lineolarise0pest - Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“single adults of L. lineolaris and L. elisus confined to plants for 1, 3, 24, or 48 h produced significantly increasing damage over time”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Damage by L. elisus increased with feeding duration.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Treatment
- confined to plants for 1, 3, 24, or 48 he0
- Interactor
- L. elisus
Lygus elisuse0pest - Outcome
- damagee0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“single adults of L. lineolaris and L. elisus confined to plants for 1, 3, 24, or 48 h produced significantly increasing damage over time”
t0“faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Feeding reached the 1% downgrading threshold after 3 h.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- downgrading thresholde0
- Value
- 1%e0
- Qualifier
- after only 3 h of feedinge0
.jpg?width=60){kind=small}
LygusOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“reaching the Canadian Grain Commission's 1% downgrading threshold after only 3 h of feeding”
t0“Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
The two Lygus species did not differ in damage potential.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- damage potentiale0
- Direction
- did not differe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Species did not differ in damage potential”
t0“Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Nymphs spent longer in cell rupture and ingestion phases than adults.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Outcome
- CR and I phasese0
- Direction
- longere0
- Comparator
- adultse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“nymphs spending longer in CR and I phases than adults”
t0“Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Waveform type significantly affected feeding duration.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Organ / stage
- life stagee0
- Outcome
- feeding duratione0
- Qualifier
- waveform typee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“waveform type, not life stage, significantly affected feeding duration”
t0“Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on faba bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Staining found salivary deposits in a limited number of pods and seeds, primarily from males.
- Taxon
- faba beanVicia fabat0
- Organ / stage
- pods and seedse0
- Outcome
- salivary depositse0
- Qualifier
- primarily from malese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“McBryde staining detected salivary deposits in a limited number of pods and seeds, primarily from males”
t0“Lygus (Hemiptera: Miridae) on faba bean”