Abstract
Abstract This study investigates the endophytic biocontrol potential of Beauveria bassiana strain B094 against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn through laboratory, greenhouse and field assessments. Laboratory virulence screening identified B094 as pathogenic to S. exigua , inducing 99.8% mortality and exceeding 75% infection in 1st‐ and 3rd‐instar larvae at 1 × 10 8 spores/mL. The LC 50 for 3rd‐instar larvae was 4.8 × 10 5 spores/mL. B094 established endophytic colonization in sweet corn varieties Zhetian 19 and Zaotiannuo 211 via seed inoculation. Colonization peaked at 7 d after emergence (DAE), with leaves exhibiting markedly higher frequency and density (91.1%, 1367 ± 95 CFU/g) than stems (40%, 353 ± 12 CFU/g) and roots (37.8%, 93 ± 9 CFU/g), then progressively declined to 24.3% in leaves and below 17.3% in stems and roots by 28 DAE. Feeding bioassay demonstrated that leaves from colonized plants at 14−21 DAE significantly increased larval mortality and disrupted development. Greenhouse and field trials confirmed efficacy, with inoculated plants exhibiting less foliar damage than controls and similar colonization patterns and biocontrol effects across varieties. Rhizosphere microbiome analysis revealed community shifts after B094 colonization. Bacterial genera often associated with plant growth promotion or biocontrol (e.g., Bacillus , Gemmatimonas ), increased by 22.5% and 81.6%, whereas fungal genera commonly reported as plant pathogens (e.g., Gibberella and Fusarium ), decreased by 87.7% and 78.1%, respectively. Our findings establish B. bassiana B094 as a dual‐action biocontrol agent against S. exigua , combining direct pathogenicity with endophytic effects, supporting seed‐treatment as an environmentally friendly strategy for sustainable pest management in sweet corn systems.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Beauveria bassiana B094 was pathogenic to Spodoptera exigua larvae, causing 99.8% mortality in laboratory screening.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt1
- Interactor
- Spodoptera exigua
Spodoptera exiguat1pest - Second interactor
- B094e1biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- mortalitye1
- Value
- 99.8%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Laboratory virulence screening identified B094 as pathogenic to S. exigua , inducing 99.8% mortality”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The LC50 of B094 for 3rd-instar Spodoptera exigua larvae was 4.8 × 10 5 spores/mL.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt1
- Organ / stage
- 3rd‐instar larvaee2
- Interactor
- Spodoptera exiguaSpodoptera exiguat1pest
- Outcome
- LC 50e2
- Value
- 4.8 × 10 5 spores/mLe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The LC 50 for 3rd‐instar larvae was 4.8 × 10 5 spores/mL”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
B094 established endophytic colonization of sweet corn varieties Zhetian 19 and Zaotiannuo 211 after seed inoculation.
Verbatim
e3“B094 established endophytic colonization in sweet corn varieties Zhetian 19 and Zaotiannuo 211 via seed inoculation”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Endophytic colonization of sweet corn by B094 peaked at 7 days after emergence.
Verbatim
e4“Colonization peaked at 7 d after emergence (DAE)”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
B094 colonization frequency and density were markedly higher in leaves than in stems of sweet corn.
Verbatim
e5“leaves exhibiting markedly higher frequency and density (91.1%, 1367 ± 95 CFU/g) than stems (40%, 353 ± 12 CFU/g) and roots (37.8%, 93 ± 9 CFU/g)”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
B094 colonization of sweet corn leaves declined to 24.3% by 28 days after emergence.
Verbatim
e6“then progressively declined to 24.3% in leaves and below 17.3% in stems and roots by 28 DAE”
e4“Colonization peaked at 7 d after emergence (DAE)”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves from B094-colonized sweet corn plants at 14–21 days after emergence increased larval mortality of Spodoptera exigua.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt1
- Treatment
- leaves from colonized plants at 14−21 DAEe7
- Interactor
- Spodoptera exiguaSpodoptera exiguat1pest
- Outcome
- larval mortalitye7
- Direction
- significantly increasede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“leaves from colonized plants at 14−21 DAE significantly increased larval mortality and disrupted development”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaves from B094-colonized sweet corn plants at 14–21 days after emergence disrupted development of Spodoptera exigua larvae.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt1
- Treatment
- leaves from colonized plants at 14−21 DAEe7
- Interactor
- Spodoptera exiguaSpodoptera exiguat1pest
- Outcome
- developmente7
- Qualifier
- disruptede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“leaves from colonized plants at 14−21 DAE significantly increased larval mortality and disrupted development”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated sweet corn plants had less foliar damage than controls in greenhouse and field trials.
Verbatim
e0“Greenhouse and field trials confirmed efficacy, with inoculated plants exhibiting less foliar damage than controls”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonization patterns and biocontrol effects of B094 were similar across sweet corn varieties.
Verbatim
e1“similar colonization patterns and biocontrol effects across varieties”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
B094 colonization increased bacterial genera associated with plant growth promotion or biocontrol in the sweet corn rhizosphere by 22.5% and 81.6%.
Verbatim
e2“Bacterial genera often associated with plant growth promotion or biocontrol (e.g., Bacillus , Gemmatimonas ), increased by 22.5% and 81.6%”
e3“Rhizosphere microbiome analysis revealed community shifts after B094 colonization”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
B094 colonization decreased fungal genera commonly reported as plant pathogens in the sweet corn rhizosphere by 87.7% and 78.1%.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt1
- Treatment
- B094 colonizatione3
- Outcome
- fungal generae2
- Direction
- decreasede2
- Value
- 87.7% and 78.1%e2
FusariumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“fungal genera commonly reported as plant pathogens (e.g., Gibberella and Fusarium ), decreased by 87.7% and 78.1%”
e3“Rhizosphere microbiome analysis revealed community shifts after B094 colonization”
t1“against Spodoptera exigua in sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed treatment with B094 is recommended as an environmentally friendly strategy for sustainable pest management in sweet corn.
Verbatim
e0“as an environmentally friendly strategy for sustainable pest management in sweet corn systems”
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See all 32 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.