Abstract
Abundance and diurnal rhythms of various insect visitors on 'A' and 'R' lines were studied in hybrid seed production field of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for two years at Hisar, India. Insects belonging to 41 genera of 23 families from six orders visited the capitula of 'A' and 'R' lines. Honey bees (Apis mellifera, A. dorsata and A. florea) constituted 42.2% of the total insects visiting the capitula. Abundance of natural populations of Megachile cephalotes and Xylocopa fenestrata were relatively low. Honey bees tends to visit 'R' than 'A' lines more frequently. The bee activity was highest at 06h00 and 18h00 followed by 10h00. Possible factors for rhythms in bee populations and augmentation of natural weak pollinators to obtain higher seed set have been discussed.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Insects from 41 genera of 23 families in six orders visited the capitula of A and R sunflower lines.
- Taxon
- sunflower
Helianthus annuuse0 - Material
- 'A' and 'R' linese0
- Outcome
- visited the capitulae1
- Value
- 41 genera of 23 families from six orderse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abundance and diurnal rhythms of various insect visitors on 'A' and 'R' lines were studied in hybrid seed production field of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for two years at Hisar, India”
e1“Insects belonging to 41 genera of 23 families from six orders visited the capitula of 'A' and 'R' lines”
Claim · model-written summary
Honey bees made up 42.2% of the total insects visiting the sunflower capitula.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Outcome
- total insects visiting the capitulae1
- Value
- 42.2%e1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abundance and diurnal rhythms of various insect visitors on 'A' and 'R' lines were studied in hybrid seed production field of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for two years at Hisar, India”
e1“Honey bees (Apis mellifera, A. dorsata and A. florea) constituted 42.2% of the total insects visiting the capitula”
Claim · model-written summary
Honey bees visited R lines more frequently than A lines.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Material
- 'R'e1
- Outcome
- visite1
- Direction
- more frequentlye1
- Comparator
- 'A' linese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abundance and diurnal rhythms of various insect visitors on 'A' and 'R' lines were studied in hybrid seed production field of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for two years at Hisar, India”
e1“Honey bees tends to visit 'R' than 'A' lines more frequently”
Claim · model-written summary
Bee activity on sunflower capitula was highest at 06h00 and 18h00, followed by 10h00.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Interactor
- bee
_Apis_mellifera_(female)_-_on_viburnum_tinus_flowers.jpg?width=60)
Apis melliferae1pollinator - Outcome
- bee activitye1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Qualifier
- at 06h00 and 18h00 followed by 10h00e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_Apis_mellifera_(female)_-_on_viburnum_tinus_flowers.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“Abundance and diurnal rhythms of various insect visitors on 'A' and 'R' lines were studied in hybrid seed production field of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for two years at Hisar, India”
e1“The bee activity was highest at 06h00 and 18h00 followed by 10h00”
Claim · model-written summary
Natural populations of Megachile cephalotes and Xylocopa fenestrata were relatively low in abundance on sunflower.
- Taxon
- sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0
- Interactor
- Megachile cephalotesMegachile cephalotese1pollinator
- Second interactor
- Xylocopa fenestrata
Xylocopa fenestratae1pollinator - Outcome
- Abundance of natural populationse1
- Direction
- relatively lowe1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Abundance and diurnal rhythms of various insect visitors on 'A' and 'R' lines were studied in hybrid seed production field of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for two years at Hisar, India”
e1“Abundance of natural populations of Megachile cephalotes and Xylocopa fenestrata were relatively low”