Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies to Botrytis//, raised in a previous study, were used to develop a plate—trapped antigen enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( PTA-ELISA) to detect and quantify Botrytis antigens in juice from infected grapes. Using a dilution series of extracts from freezedried preparations of B. cinerea grown in liquid culture on grape juice and juice from artificially infected and healthy Cabernet Sauvignon and Semillon grapes, we have shown that BC-12.CA4, a genus-specific antibody, can be used in micro-titer PTA-ELISA tests to measure levels of infection from 0 to 5%. Forty-one samples of juice from 15 different cultivars from seven different wineries in the Central Valley region in California were tested along with juice from healthy-looking grapes of the same cultivars. No cross-reaction was found with any of the cultivars tested for juice from healthy-looking berries taken from loads with low levels of infection. Using BC-12.CA4 immunoassay levels of rot were generally higher than visual assessments of bunch rot particularly with machine-harvested grapes at the end of the season. However, in early season samples immunoassay estimates were, in some cases, lower than the visual assessments. It is strongly suspected that in the latter case fungi other than Botrytis were the main cause of bunch rot. Preliminary studies with another antibody, that recognizes both B. cinerea and Aspergillus niger, confirmed that the bunch rot in these cases was mostly due to fungi other than Botrytis.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
The BC-12.CA4 assay measured infection levels from 0 to 5% in grape juice.
Not reportedTaxonInteractorInteractor role
Verbatim
e0“BC-12.CA4, a genus-specific antibody, can be used in micro-titer PTA-ELISA tests to measure levels of infection from 0 to 5%”
Claim · model-written summary
The immunoassay showed no cross-reaction with juice from healthy-looking berries of tested cultivars.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“No cross-reaction was found with any of the cultivars tested for juice from healthy-looking berries taken from loads with low levels of infection.”
Claim · model-written summary
BC-12.CA4 generally estimated higher rot levels than visual assessment, particularly in machine-harvested grapes late in the season.
Verbatim
e0“Using BC-12.CA4 immunoassay levels of rot were generally higher than visual assessments of bunch rot particularly with machine-harvested grapes at the end of the season.”
Claim · model-written summary
In some early-season samples, immunoassay estimates were lower than visual assessments.
- Outcome
- immunoassay estimatese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Qualifier
- early season samplese0
- Comparator
- visual assessmentse0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“However, in early season samples immunoassay estimates were, in some cases, lower than the visual assessments.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suspected fungi other than Botrytis caused the bunch rot in those early-season samples.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“It is strongly suspected that in the latter case fungi other than Botrytis were the main cause of bunch rot.”
Claim · model-written summary
A second antibody indicated that fungi other than Botrytis caused most bunch rot in those cases.
- Interactor
- fungi other than Botrytise0pathogen
- Outcome
- bunch rot in these casese0
- Comparator
- fungi other than Botrytise0
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“Preliminary studies with another antibody, that recognizes both B. cinerea and Aspergillus niger, confirmed that the bunch rot in these cases was mostly due to fungi other than Botrytis.”