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“knobs”

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Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Karyotypic formulae, asymmetry indexes and knob position and composition were presented for Tupi Amarillo.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Material: Tupi Amarillo (VAV 6563)e0
Outcome: karyotypic formulae, asymmetry indexes and the position and composition of the knobse0
Setting: Argentine Northeast(NEA)e0

Not reportedComparatorValue

Verbatim

e0
“In this study we present the karyotypic formulae, asymmetry indexes and the position and composition of the knobs of two races of maize from Argentine Northeast(NEA), Tupi Amarillo (VAV 6563) and Rosado (VAV 6565).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1058–1272

Title

Karyotypical studies of two maize races from Northeast Argentine (NEA): DAPI-banding and Fluorescent In Situ Hybridization (FISH)

María Florencia Realini; Lidia Poggio; Graciela Esther González Conicet 2013

Other claims from this paper (1)

Method / resource Karyotypic formulae, asymmetry indexes and knob position and composition were presented for Rosado.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Thirteen repeat-sensitive genome assemblies of maize and its recent ancestor teosinte were generated.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Outcome: repeat-sensitive genome assembliese0
Value: 13e0

Verbatim

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–76

e0
“we generate 13 repeat-sensitive genome assemblies of maize and its recent ancestor, teosinte”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 623–715

Title

Higher order repeat structures reflect diverging evolutionary paths in maize centromeres and knobs

Rebecca D. Piri; Mingyu Wang; M. Cinta Romay; et al. Genome biology 2026. doi:10.1186/s13059-026-03993-4

Other claims from this paper (9)

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A new graph-based pipeline, HiReNET, was developed to classify higher-order repeats and was shown to work in Arabidopsis and maize.

Taxon: Arabidopsis and maizeArabidopsis Zea mayse0
Outcome: classify HORse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“We develop a new graph-based pipeline, HiReNET, to classify HORs and demonstrate its utility in both Arabidopsis and maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 717–839

Title

Higher order repeat structures reflect diverging evolutionary paths in maize centromeres and knobs

Rebecca D. Piri; Mingyu Wang; M. Cinta Romay; et al. Genome biology 2026. doi:10.1186/s13059-026-03993-4

Other claims from this paper (9)

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Complete assembly of genes, transposable elements and repetitive genomic features had distinct sequence-quality thresholds.

Taxon: maize inbred line NC358e1
Outcome: sequence-quality thresholdse0
Direction: Distincte0
Comparator: genes, transposable elements, and highly repetitive genomic featurese0

Verbatim

e0
“Distinct sequence-quality thresholds are observed for complete assembly of genes, transposable elements, and highly repetitive genomic features such as telomeres, heterochromatic knobs, and centromeres.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 609–811

e1
“maize inbred line NC358”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 332–355

Title

Effect of sequence depth and length in long-read assembly of the maize inbred NC358

Shujun Ou; Jianing Liu; Kapeel M. Chougule; et al. Nature Communications 2020. doi:10.1038/s41467-020-16037-7

Other claims from this paper (3)

Method / resource Assemblies at no more than 30× depth and 11 kb N50 subread length were highly fragmented.
Method / resource Low-copy genic regions degraded at 20× sequence depth.
Method / resource High-quality optical maps dramatically improved assembly contiguity even for the most fragmented base assembly.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Genomic hybridization produced strong, readily identifiable knob signals in the tested maize chromosomes.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Outcome: strong hybridization signalse0
Value: 540e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The knobs gave strong hybridization signals and easily be identified when mitotic chromosomes from maize inbred 330, DP and alloplasmic pure line 540 which derived from the parthenocarpic progenies of a backcrossed distant hybrid between 330 DP were hybridized with total genomic DNA from Tripsacum dactyloides”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 221–531

Title

Genetic Stability Analysis of Heterochromatic Knob in Progeny of Distant Hybrid Between Maize and Teosint

Han Yong-hua Wuhan University Journal 2003

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation Pure line 540 had fewer chromosomal knobs than its parents.

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