Elephantidae 24 claims

Claim · model-written summary

The dataset provides field-mapped baobab tree locations and elephant locations from the Mid-Zambezi Biosphere Reserve.

Taxon

baobab trees (Adansonia digitata)Adansonia digitatae0

Interactor

African elephants (Loxodonta africana)Loxodontae0herbivore

Outcome

raw spatial point recordse0

Value

raw spatial point recordse0

Setting

Mid-Zambezi Biosphere Reserve, Zimbabwee0

Verbatim

e0

“This dataset contains raw spatial point records of African elephants (Loxodonta africana) and baobab trees (Adansonia digitata) collected within the Mid-Zambezi Biosphere Reserve, Zimbabwe.”

Claim · model-written summary

Elephant herbivory was associated with an 80% reduction in Cussonia spicata tree density over 15 years.

Taxon

Cussonia spicataCussonia spicatae0

Interactor

African savannah elephantLoxodonta africanae0herbivore

Outcome

tree densitye2

Direction

reductione2

Value

80%e2

Setting

South Africa's Subtropical Thicket Biomee0

Verbatim

e0

“Using transect surveys, we examined the effects of African savannah elephant ( Loxodonta africana ) herbivory on cabbage trees ( Cussonia spicata ) within South Africa's Subtropical Thicket Biome over 15 years (2008–2023)”

e2

“There was an 80% reduction in tree density, from 14.3 to 1.4 trees per 0.1 km 2 , and a significant decrease in average height”

Claim · model-written summary

Elephants and rhinoceroses overlapped substantially in feeding areas, plant species selected and foraging height.

Taxon

woody plantse7

Interactor

African savanna elephantsLoxodonta africanae6herbivore

Second interactor

rhinocerosesRhinocerotidaee6herbivore

Outcome

substantial overlap in feeding arease5

Verbatim

e7

“Feeding by elephants on woody plants”

e5

“There was substantial overlap in feeding areas, the plant species selected, and foraging height”

e6

“We investigated the degree of competition for woody browse between African savanna elephants ( Loxodonta africana ) and a recently reintroduced population of rhinoceroses”

Claim · model-written summary

Elephant raiding incidents varied significantly among crop types across space and time.

Taxon

crop typese0

Material

crop typese0

Interactor

African savanna elephantLoxodonta africanae1herbivore

Outcome

elephant raiding incidentse0

Value

p < .0001e0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“elephant raiding incidents varied significantly amongst crop types over space and time ( p < .0001)”

e1

“African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana )”

Claim · model-written summary

Millet fields incurred more elephant raids than legume crop fields.

Taxon

millete0

Material

Eleusine conaracanae0

Interactor

African savanna elephantLoxodonta africanae1herbivore

Outcome

crop‐raiding incidentse0

Direction

highere0

Comparator

leguminous cropse0

Verbatim

e0

“Cereal crops (millet: Eleusine conaracana , maize: Zea mays ) incurred a higher number of crop‐raiding incidents compared with leguminous crops (cowpea: Vigna unguiculata ; groundnut: Arachis hypogea )”

e1

“African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana )”

Claim · model-written summary

Maize fields incurred more elephant raids than legume crop fields.

Taxon

maizeZea mayse0

Material

Zea mayse0

Interactor

African savanna elephantLoxodonta africanae1herbivore

Outcome

crop‐raiding incidentse0

Direction

highere0

Comparator

leguminous cropse0

Verbatim

e0

“Cereal crops (millet: Eleusine conaracana , maize: Zea mays ) incurred a higher number of crop‐raiding incidents compared with leguminous crops (cowpea: Vigna unguiculata ; groundnut: Arachis hypogea )”

e1

“African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana )”

Claim · model-written summary

Field risk values differed significantly depending on the crop present.

Taxon

crope0

Material

crope0

Interactor

African savanna elephantLoxodonta africanae1herbivore

Outcome

Field RVse0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“Field RVs significantly varied depending on which crop was present in the field.”

e1

“African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana )”

Claim · model-written summary

More crop types were associated with lower field susceptibility to elephant raids.

Taxon

crop typese0

Material

crop typese0

Interactor

African savanna elephantLoxodonta africanae1herbivore

Outcome

susceptibility of the field to raidinge0

Direction

negative correlatione0

Value

r = −0.680e0

Verbatim

e0

“significant negative correlation between the number of crop types and the susceptibility of the field to raiding ( r = −0.680, p < .0001)”

e1

“African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana )”

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggested selecting less susceptible crop types and combinations to reduce elephant raiding.

Taxon

crop typese0

Interactor

African savanna elephantLoxodonta africanae1herbivore

Outcome

selecting crop types and combinations less susceptible to elephant damagee0

Verbatim

e0

“susceptibility of the fields to elephant raids could be minimized by selecting crop types and combinations less susceptible to elephant damage”

e1

“African savanna elephant ( Loxodonta africana )”

Claim · model-written summary

Asian elephant was identified as the major disperser of Senna spectabilis in the Western Ghats.

Taxon

Senna spectabilisSenna spectabilise0

Interactor

Asian elephantElephas maximuse1other

Outcome

major disperser of Sennae1

Setting

Western Ghatse0

Verbatim

e0

“Senna spectabilis , a native tree of tropical America is rapidly colonizing the forests of Western Ghats”

e1

“We identified the Asian elephant ( Elephas maximus ) as the major disperser of Senna”