By interacting organism as written › L. femoratus

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

L. femoratus larvae were found at roots of all agroforestry plants.

Taxon: plantsViridiplantaee0
Interactor: L. femoratuse0pest
Outcome: L. femoratus larvae were discovered in association with the rootse0

Verbatim

e0
“L. femoratus larvae were discovered in association with the roots of all plants within the agroforestry arrangement”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 496–611

Title

A scarab beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) causes tree mortality, delayed growth, and yield reduction in cacao with genotype‐specific susceptibility to herbivory

Mario Porcel; Tatiana C. Miranda; Carolina Pisco‐Ortiz; et al. Pest Management Science 2023. doi:10.1002/ps.7957

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Cacao trees averaged 2.9 ± 0.3 adult beetles per tree.
Observation Yopo and plantain had the highest incidence of root-feeding larvae.
Observation Female beetles ate more foliage relative to body weight than males.
Observation Herbivory skeletonized cacao leaves.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao plant height.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao stem diameter.
Association Cacao trees with over 50% leaf consumption suffered over 20% mortality.
Association Higher leaf damage correlated with fewer harvested cacao pods.
Observation Cacao genotypes differed in antixenotic resistance.
Recommendation The authors call for effective control of the cacao pest.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Female beetles ate more foliage relative to body weight than males.

Taxon: cacaoTheobroma cacaot0
Interactor: L. femoratuse0pest
Outcome: leaf consumption patternse0
Direction: moree0
Comparator: malee0

Verbatim

e0
“male and female L. femoratus displayed distinct leaf consumption patterns in the laboratory, with females consuming more foliage relative to their body weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 741–900

t0
“cacao”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 105–110

Title

A scarab beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) causes tree mortality, delayed growth, and yield reduction in cacao with genotype‐specific susceptibility to herbivory

Mario Porcel; Tatiana C. Miranda; Carolina Pisco‐Ortiz; et al. Pest Management Science 2023. doi:10.1002/ps.7957

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Cacao trees averaged 2.9 ± 0.3 adult beetles per tree.
Observation L. femoratus larvae were found at roots of all agroforestry plants.
Observation Yopo and plantain had the highest incidence of root-feeding larvae.
Observation Herbivory skeletonized cacao leaves.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao plant height.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao stem diameter.
Association Cacao trees with over 50% leaf consumption suffered over 20% mortality.
Association Higher leaf damage correlated with fewer harvested cacao pods.
Observation Cacao genotypes differed in antixenotic resistance.
Recommendation The authors call for effective control of the cacao pest.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbivory skeletonized cacao leaves.

Taxon: cacaoTheobroma cacaoe0
Interactor: L. femoratuse0pest
Outcome: leaf skeletonizatione0

Verbatim

e0
“L. femoratus herbivory on cacao tree survival and growth, leading to leaf skeletonization, reduced plant height, and stem diameter.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 968–1099

Title

A scarab beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) causes tree mortality, delayed growth, and yield reduction in cacao with genotype‐specific susceptibility to herbivory

Mario Porcel; Tatiana C. Miranda; Carolina Pisco‐Ortiz; et al. Pest Management Science 2023. doi:10.1002/ps.7957

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Cacao trees averaged 2.9 ± 0.3 adult beetles per tree.
Observation L. femoratus larvae were found at roots of all agroforestry plants.
Observation Yopo and plantain had the highest incidence of root-feeding larvae.
Observation Female beetles ate more foliage relative to body weight than males.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao plant height.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao stem diameter.
Association Cacao trees with over 50% leaf consumption suffered over 20% mortality.
Association Higher leaf damage correlated with fewer harvested cacao pods.
Observation Cacao genotypes differed in antixenotic resistance.
Recommendation The authors call for effective control of the cacao pest.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbivory reduced cacao plant height.

Taxon: cacaoTheobroma cacaoe0
Interactor: L. femoratuse0pest
Outcome: plant heighte0
Direction: reducede0

Verbatim

e0
“L. femoratus herbivory on cacao tree survival and growth, leading to leaf skeletonization, reduced plant height, and stem diameter.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 968–1099

Title

A scarab beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) causes tree mortality, delayed growth, and yield reduction in cacao with genotype‐specific susceptibility to herbivory

Mario Porcel; Tatiana C. Miranda; Carolina Pisco‐Ortiz; et al. Pest Management Science 2023. doi:10.1002/ps.7957

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Cacao trees averaged 2.9 ± 0.3 adult beetles per tree.
Observation L. femoratus larvae were found at roots of all agroforestry plants.
Observation Yopo and plantain had the highest incidence of root-feeding larvae.
Observation Female beetles ate more foliage relative to body weight than males.
Observation Herbivory skeletonized cacao leaves.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao stem diameter.
Association Cacao trees with over 50% leaf consumption suffered over 20% mortality.
Association Higher leaf damage correlated with fewer harvested cacao pods.
Observation Cacao genotypes differed in antixenotic resistance.
Recommendation The authors call for effective control of the cacao pest.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbivory reduced cacao stem diameter.

Taxon: cacaoTheobroma cacaoe0
Interactor: L. femoratuse0pest
Outcome: stem diametere0
Direction: reducede0

Verbatim

e0
“L. femoratus herbivory on cacao tree survival and growth, leading to leaf skeletonization, reduced plant height, and stem diameter.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 968–1099

Title

A scarab beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) causes tree mortality, delayed growth, and yield reduction in cacao with genotype‐specific susceptibility to herbivory

Mario Porcel; Tatiana C. Miranda; Carolina Pisco‐Ortiz; et al. Pest Management Science 2023. doi:10.1002/ps.7957

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Cacao trees averaged 2.9 ± 0.3 adult beetles per tree.
Observation L. femoratus larvae were found at roots of all agroforestry plants.
Observation Yopo and plantain had the highest incidence of root-feeding larvae.
Observation Female beetles ate more foliage relative to body weight than males.
Observation Herbivory skeletonized cacao leaves.
Association Herbivory reduced cacao plant height.
Association Cacao trees with over 50% leaf consumption suffered over 20% mortality.
Association Higher leaf damage correlated with fewer harvested cacao pods.
Observation Cacao genotypes differed in antixenotic resistance.
Recommendation The authors call for effective control of the cacao pest.

Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The authors suggested V. album could aid rapid invasion by L. femoratus in Europe.

Taxon: V. albumViscum albume0
Interactor: L. femoratusLeiopus femoratuse0herbivore
Outcome: mass and rapid invasion of L. femoratuse0
Setting: Europee0

Verbatim

e0
“V. album might play a crucial role in the mass and rapid invasion of L. femoratus in Europe”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1105–1196

Title

Insects Associated with the European Mistletoe (Viscum album) in Western Ukraine: a Pilot Study

A. M. Zamoroka; V. Yu. Shparyk; I. Ya. Dovhaniuk; et al. Zoodiversity 2023. doi:10.15407/zoo2023.05.433

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Thirty-five insect species from five orders, 20 families and 34 genera were reared from mistletoe.
Observation Twenty-seven insect species were recorded from mistletoe for the first time.
Observation Seventeen Hymenoptera species were first reared from mistletoe.
Observation Eight Coleoptera species were first reared from mistletoe.
Observation Two Diptera species were first reared from mistletoe.
Observation More than 77% of insects reared had not previously been detected on mistletoe.
Observation The authors estimated that 70% to 90% of mistletoe-associated insects remain unknown.
Observation A probable link connected mistletoe, Sphaeropsis visci and Coleoptera.
Observation Beetles appeared to vector S. visci spores and mycelium among mistletoes.
Observation Leiopus femoratus bred en masse on V. album.

Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Each adult Leucothyreus femoratus consumed 13 mm2 of oil palm leaf per day in Colombia.

Taxon: Elaeis guineensisElaeis guineensise1
Organ / stage: leavese1
Interactor: L. femoratuse1pest
Outcome: Leaf consumption per adulte2
Value: 13 mm2/day/insecte2
Setting: Colombiae1

Verbatim

e1
“Food consumption and injury to leaves of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecales: Arecaceae, African oil palm) by adults of L. femoratus in Colombia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 293–435

e2
“Leaf consumption per adult L. femoratus was 13 mm2/day/insect (χ2 = 19.33, P < 0.0001)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 740–826

Title

Leucothyreus femoratus(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Feeding and Behavioral Activities as an Oil Palm Defoliator

Luis C. Martínez; Angelica Plata-Rueda; José C. Zanuncio; et al. Florida Entomologist 2013. doi:10.1653/024.096.0107

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cumulative defoliation by Leucothyreus femoratus adults on oil palm reached 15.5% in 60 days.

Taxon: Elaeis guineensisElaeis guineensise1
Organ / stage: leavese1
Interactor: L. femoratuse1pest
Outcome: cumulative defoliatione3
Value: 15.5%e3
Qualifier: in 60 dayse3

Verbatim

e1
“Food consumption and injury to leaves of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecales: Arecaceae, African oil palm) by adults of L. femoratus in Colombia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 293–435

e3
“Leaf injury was in the form of squares or rectangles and cumulative defoliation reached 15.5% in 60 days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 828–932

Title

Leucothyreus femoratus(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Feeding and Behavioral Activities as an Oil Palm Defoliator

Luis C. Martínez; Angelica Plata-Rueda; José C. Zanuncio; et al. Florida Entomologist 2013. doi:10.1653/024.096.0107

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Leucothyreus femoratus showed predominantly nocturnal feeding and mating.

Taxon: Elaeis guineensisElaeis guineensise1
Interactor: L. femoratuse1pest
Outcome: predominantly nocturnal feeding and matinge4

Verbatim

e1
“Food consumption and injury to leaves of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecales: Arecaceae, African oil palm) by adults of L. femoratus in Colombia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 293–435

e4
“The insect showed predominantly nocturnal feeding and mating (χ2 = 95.53, P < 0.05; χ2 = 207.01, P < 0.05, respectively)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 934–1054

Title

Leucothyreus femoratus(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Feeding and Behavioral Activities as an Oil Palm Defoliator

Luis C. Martínez; Angelica Plata-Rueda; José C. Zanuncio; et al. Florida Entomologist 2013. doi:10.1653/024.096.0107

Other claims from this paper (4)

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leucothyreus femoratus larvae were found in abundance on the roots of other plants in the oil palm plantation, Croton trinitatis and Imperata cilindrica.

Taxon: Elaeis guineensisElaeis guineensise1
Organ / stage: rootse5
Interactor: L. femoratuse5pest
Outcome: found in abundance on the rootse5
Qualifier: Croton trinitatis Millsp. (Euphorbiaceae, road side croton) and Imperata cilindrica (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae, cogon grass)e5

Verbatim

e1
“Food consumption and injury to leaves of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Arecales: Arecaceae, African oil palm) by adults of L. femoratus in Colombia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 293–435

e5
“Larvae of L. femoratus were found in abundance on the roots of Croton trinitatis Millsp. (Euphorbiaceae, road side croton) and Imperata cilindrica (L.) P. Beauv. (Poaceae, cogon grass)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1056–1240

Title

Leucothyreus femoratus(Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): Feeding and Behavioral Activities as an Oil Palm Defoliator

Luis C. Martínez; Angelica Plata-Rueda; José C. Zanuncio; et al. Florida Entomologist 2013. doi:10.1653/024.096.0107

Other claims from this paper (4)

L. femoratus 11 claims

11 claims