Claim · model-written summary
Secondary macronutrient effects manifested only after the third study year.
- Taxon
- sweet orange
Citrus sinensist0 - Outcome
- impact of secondary macronutrientse0
- Qualifier
- after the third year of the studye0
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleTreatmentComparatorSettingDirectionValue
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim
e0“the impact of secondary macronutrients manifested only after the third year of the study”
t0“Sweet Orange”
Title
Alisheikh A. Atta; Kelly T. Morgan; Mark A. Ritenour; et al. HortScience 2025. doi:10.21273/hortsci18837-25
Other claims from this paper (11)
- Observation Soil ammonium nitrogen accumulated in an oscillating spring-summer pattern on both rootstocks.
- Observation Soil nitrate nitrogen accumulated persistently on both rootstocks, then stabilized near 4.0 mg·kg −1.
- Intervention effect Swingle-rootstock trees responded more to macronutrients than Cleopatra-rootstock trees.
- Observation Leaf manganese and zinc concentrations were within the lowest ranges.
- Recommendation The authors recommend supplementary manganese and zinc for HLB-affected Hamlin trees.
- Intervention effect Calcium or magnesium treatments increased leaf area index relative to controls, significantly on Swingle rootstocks.
- Observation Cleopatra-rootstock trees had greater canopy volume than Swingle-rootstock trees.
- Intervention effect Combined calcium and magnesium increased fruit yield 1.8-times versus controls.
- Intervention effect Magnesium treatment produced greater total soluble solids.
- Intervention effect Combined calcium and magnesium produced greater total soluble solids.
- Recommendation The authors recommend nutrient management as an immediate HLB mitigation measure.