Claim · model-written summary
PNB and ZT had lower energy output than CT under residue retention.
- Taxon
- maize–mustard rotationt0
- Treatment
- residue retentione2
- Outcome
- energy output (E O )e3
- Direction
- lowerinferrede3
- Comparator
- CTe2
Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleSettingValueQualifier
Verbatim
t0“maize–mustard rotation”
e2“By virtue of residue retention, the PNB and ZT had ~108% greater energy input (E I ) than the CT”
e3“whereas it was vice versa in terms of the energy output (E O )”
Title
K. K. Lakhena; Vijay Pooniya; Niraj Biswakarma; et al. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 2025. doi:10.3389/fsufs.2025.1359281
Other claims from this paper (15)
- Intervention effect CA-based tillage (ZT or PNB) increased maize grain equivalent yield by 24.4–25.2% relative to conventional tillage (CT).
- Intervention effect NE I and RDF I gave statistically identical equivalent yields (EY).
- Intervention effect NE I and RDF I gave equivalent yields (EY) 26.6–30.3% greater than RDF.
- Intervention effect These practices substantially reduced the water footprints of the maize–mustard rotation.
- Intervention effect Practices with CA-based tillage and precise nutrient management had 11.9–12.9% greater water productivity than CT over 9 years on average.
- Intervention effect Practices with CA-based tillage and precise nutrient management had 23.4–26.6% greater water productivity than RDF over 9 years on average.
- Intervention effect Residue-retaining ZT or PNB increased bacterial populations by 31.9–42.2% at 0–45 cm soil depth.
- Intervention effect Residue-retaining ZT or PNB increased fungal populations by 56.5–67.2% at 0–45 cm soil depth.
- Intervention effect Residue-retaining ZT or PNB increased actinomycete populations by 16.5–18.3% at 0–45 cm soil depth.
- Intervention effect ZT or PNB increased soil microbial biomass-C by 7.65–11% across soil depths.
- Intervention effect ZT or PNB increased soil microbial biomass-P by 23.2–31.9% across soil depths.
- Intervention effect CA-based practices improved soil mineralizable N compared with CT-based practices.
- Intervention effect Conventionally tilled plots consumed greater direct and indirect non-renewable energy than CA-based residue-retaining practices.
- Intervention effect Residue retention gave PNB and ZT about 108% greater energy input than CT.
- Intervention effect NE I gave 7.6–28.7% higher energy output than RDF I and RDF.