Abstract
Chirita lutea,which was published in 2004 by Liu and Wei,belonging to Gesneriaceae and only distributed in Guangxi Province of China,is a perennial herb and grows on limestone rocky hillsides or cliffs.The species can produce abundant flowers every year,but it currently presents the small populations.The pollination biology in C.lutea was studied.Flowering of C.lutea took place from early July to late August.The flowering period of individual lasted about 35~47 days,while anthesis of single flower lasted 6~12 days.Flowers opened at noset time.During anthesis,the pollen viability retained at about 80% and the stigma receptivity retained at about 75%~90%.The mean P/O was 1 215.73±266.13.The stigma was obviously higher than the anther after flowering 1 day and reached the entrance of collar tube when the pollen was dispersed,which easily made it to be touched firstly by pollinator and receive allogamy.Field experiments indicated that C.lutea was self-compatible and there was no agamospermy.The pollination must depend upon insects because the occurrence of autonomous self-pollination was difficult.Pollination limitation is existent in this species,so the fruit set in the artificially pollinated flower was higher than that in the open pollinated flower.The main pollinators are Apidae sp.,Crabro sp.,Amegilla sp.,which visited the flowers for pollens.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Chirita lutea flowered from early July to late August.
Verbatim
e1“Flowering of C.lutea took place from early July to late August”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The flowering period of an individual Chirita lutea plant lasted about 35-47 days.
Verbatim
e1“The flowering period of individual lasted about 35~47 days”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Anthesis of a single Chirita lutea flower lasted 6-12 days.
Verbatim
e1“anthesis of single flower lasted 6~12 days”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chirita lutea flowers opened at noset time.
Verbatim
e1“Flowers opened at noset time”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
During anthesis, pollen viability of Chirita lutea was retained at about 80%.
Verbatim
e1“During anthesis, the pollen viability retained at about 80%”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Stigma receptivity of Chirita lutea was retained at about 75-90%.
Verbatim
e1“the stigma receptivity retained at about 75%~90%”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The mean P/O ratio of Chirita lutea was 1 215.73±266.13.
Verbatim
e1“The mean P/O was 1 215.73±266.13”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The stigma of Chirita lutea was higher than the anther after one day of flowering.
Verbatim
e1“The stigma was obviously higher than the anther after flowering 1 day”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The stigma of Chirita lutea reached the entrance of the collar tube when the pollen was dispersed.
Verbatim
e1“The stigma was obviously higher than the anther after flowering 1 day and reached the entrance of collar tube when the pollen was dispersed”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Field experiments indicated that Chirita lutea is self-compatible.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments indicated that C.lutea was self-compatible”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Chirita lutea shows no agamospermy.
Verbatim
e1“Field experiments indicated that C.lutea was self-compatible and there was no agamospermy”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination of Chirita lutea depends on insects, as autonomous self-pollination was difficult.
Verbatim
e1“The pollination must depend upon insects because the occurrence of autonomous self-pollination was difficult”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pollination limitation exists in Chirita lutea.
Verbatim
e1“Pollination limitation is existent in this species”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
Artificially pollinated Chirita lutea flowers had higher fruit set than open-pollinated flowers.
Verbatim
e1“so the fruit set in the artificially pollinated flower was higher than that in the open pollinated flower”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”
Claim · model-written summary
The main pollinators of Chirita lutea were Apidae sp. and Crabro sp., which visited the flowers for pollen; Amegilla sp. was also present.
CrabroOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“The main pollinators are Apidae sp.,Crabro sp.,Amegilla sp.,which visited the flowers for pollens”
t0“Pollination biology of Chirita lutea Yan Liu et Y. G. Wei in China (Gesneriaceae)”